The human brain develops and matures over an exceptionally prolonged period of time that spans nearly two decades of life. Processes that govern species-specific aspects of human postnatal brain devel...

We took an oath to declare dangers when we found them. We’re doing that again today.

Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi discovered regulatory T cells that prevent autoimmune disease

Jane Goodall, who chronicled the social lives of chimps, has died, but has left a lasting legacy on how we view the natural world

Recent legal and policy efforts have aimed at changing plant-based meat and milk product analogue labels to reduce consumer confusion. These proposed changes assume (a) that there is confusion about key aspects of plant-based products, and (b) that the proposed changes will fix that confusion if it exists. In Experiments 1a (N = 380) and 1b (N = 246), we provide evidence that there is little confusion about plant-based products when participants are presented with product labels about key product facts (e.g., contains animals, contains lactose). In Experiment 2 (N = 250), changing labels seemingly in accordance with proposed policies did little to reduce confusion but did decrease confidence in those judgments and made it more difficult to know what to use that product for or what the product would taste like. In Experiment 3 (N = 311), those results were replicated in a jurisdiction specific sample taken from residents of Texas. These results suggest that prominent proposals to change plant-based meat and milk analogue labels may be unnecessary and, in some cases, could be harmful.

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