John Helmann
johnhelmann.bsky.social
John Helmann
@johnhelmann.bsky.social
Professor at Cornell Univ. Bacillus subtilis physiology and stress responses (metal homeostasis, redox stress, antibiotic resistance & cell envelope). EIC of Mol Microbiol.
Reposted by John Helmann
journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/...

We have a new paper out, led by my PhD student Linda! Ni and Cu are common co-occurring contaminants. They are also synergistic in their toxicity. We examined the mechanisms of this synergism, finding that sulfur assimilation and Fe-S cluster biogenesis are targets.
The molecular basis of the synergistic toxicity of nickel and copper, common environmental co-contaminants | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Many environments are contaminated by metals. These metals are toxic to the microorganisms that inhabit these environments and carry out important ecosystem services. While much is known about bacteri...
journals.asm.org
November 24, 2025 at 1:24 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
Cool new paper on the structure and possible function of the type VII ABC transporter YtrEF in cell wall remodeling in Bacillus subtilis!
#SubtiWiki

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Structural analysis of a Gram-positive type VII ABC transporter induced by cell wall-targeting antibiotics
Bacteria utilize a variety of mechanisms to remodel the cell wall in response to environmental and antimicrobial stress. In the model organism Bacillu…
www.sciencedirect.com
October 29, 2025 at 3:28 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
See our @natmicrobiol.nature.com News&Views on the publication from Yun Chen laboratory

A rapid writing exercise for María Negre Rodríguez, a PhD student in my group

Ecological function of phenazine in soil
www.nature.com/articles/s41...

#MicrobiomeEcology at #LeidenBiology
September 12, 2025 at 9:42 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
🚨 New Preprint Alert 🚨

Our latest work, A Zur-dependent regulatory RNA involved in maintaining zinc homeostasis in Staphylococcus aureus, is now live on bioRxiv! 🧬🦠📄

Check it out here: www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
August 24, 2025 at 6:38 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
A new methods paper from us, this time with a focus on reliable monitoring membrane potential and cell lysis at different growth stages and cell densities. Also, note the surprisingly high level of background lysis in seemingly healthy B. subtilis cultures.
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
Monitoring single cell bioenergetic status and cell lysis in dense and differentiating Bacillus subtilis cultures
Bacillus subtilis is a major model organism for studying population heterogeneity in clonal bacterial cultures due to its high genetic tractability and ability to differentiate into subpopulations wit...
www.biorxiv.org
August 22, 2025 at 7:24 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
RagB stimulates the activity of the peptidoglycan polymerase RodA in Bacillus subtilis

[RagB = YrrS]

@emboreports.org by Frédérique Pompeo et al

www.embopress.org/doi/full/10....
RagB stimulates the activity of the peptidoglycan polymerase RodA in Bacillus subtilis | EMBO reports
imageimageRagB regulates the SEDS protein RodA in Bacillus subtilis, by interacting with RodA and by stimulating its activity. This regulation is essential for cell wall synthesis, especially when Cla...
www.embopress.org
August 17, 2025 at 8:46 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
A ptsH mutation (encoding the HPr-G54D variant) suppresses growth defects and antibiotic sensitivity in a Bacillus subtilis cpgA mutant defective in metabolite proofreading!

Where? In Journal of Bacteriology!

🫳 journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/...

#subtiwiki #subtilis #CCR
A ptsH mutation suppresses growth defects and antibiotic sensitivity in a cpgA mutant defective in metabolite proofreading | Journal of Bacteriology
Metabolism relies on the concerted action of hundreds of enzymes, many of which have some activity with non-canonical substrates. The resulting reactions constitute an often-ignored underground metabolism. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ...
journals.asm.org
August 15, 2025 at 7:44 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
Elio Schaechter was one of my heroes. His 1958 paper with Ole Maaløe and Niels Kjeldgaard (fondly known as “SMK”) is a North Star for so much work in my group. A wonderful scientist, great communicator, and a very kind person. May his memory be a blessing.
August 15, 2025 at 3:40 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
This first-author publication is my… first! Archaea kill bacteria by targeting their Achilles’ heel: peptidoglycan. Big shoutout to @ahocher.bsky.social‬, @valeriesoo.bsky.social‬, Pauline Misson, @tobiaswarnecke.bsky.social‬ and MRC LMS Proteomics. A thread 🔽
journals.plos.org/plosbiology/...
Archaea produce peptidoglycan hydrolases that kill bacteria
Archaea regularly interact with bacteria but reports of archaea killing bacteria are very rare. This study shows that many archaea encode peptidoglycan hydrolases, which specifically target bacterial ...
journals.plos.org
August 15, 2025 at 11:19 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
The B. subtilis histidine-containing phosphocarrier protein (HPr) supports PTS-sugar import, interacts with GAPDH, and helps mediate carbon catabolite repression (CCR). Here, a mutant HPr protein is shown to alleviate metabolic intoxication in a cpgA mutant.
journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/...
August 14, 2025 at 2:09 PM
Metal ions are universally required for life, and many of the foundational principles of metal homeostasis have emerged from studies of microbial systems. In this review, I provide a introductory overview targeted to those new to the field.
#MicroSky #Metals

rdcu.be/eycU2
Microbial metal physiology: ions to ecosystems
Nature Reviews Microbiology - Metal ions are required for all cells, and their homeostasis relies on ancient mechanisms that facilitate their import, distribution and storage. In this Review,...
rdcu.be
July 28, 2025 at 5:08 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
Now published, congrats Bevika, Kinki, Vincent, Florian and Paddy! #MicroSky
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
July 14, 2025 at 9:16 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
must-read for phageophiles 👇 from sigal ben-yehuda's lab

"𝗬𝗷𝗯𝗛 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗶𝘃𝗶𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗺𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗷𝗼𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗹𝘆 𝗮𝗰𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗽𝗵𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗻𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀" in Gram-positives (𝘉. 𝘴𝘶𝘣𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘴)

🙏 @bacteriophile.bsky.social for pointing this out

#PhageSky #MicroSky
July 12, 2025 at 2:28 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
Happy to share this detective work by Rune Overlund Stannius now published in #mSystems

phenotype+genomes▶️GWAS▶️gene cluster for pigment production

Identification of widely conserved biosynthetic gene cluster involved in pigment production of Bacillus subtilis
journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/...
July 4, 2025 at 1:47 PM
A new paper led by Ahmed Gaballa and Yesha Patel explores the pathways that reduce the dithiolopyrrolone (DTP) antibiotic thiolutin in B. subtilis. The active dithiol chelates intracellular Zn ions to impede growth.
#MicroSky #Zinc #Antibiotics

journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/...
July 3, 2025 at 3:50 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
The iron chelator pulcherriminic acid mediates the light response in Bacillus subtilis biofilms

@natcomms.nature.com by Kazuo Kobayashi and colleagues

www.nature.com/articles/s41...
The iron chelator pulcherriminic acid mediates the light response in Bacillus subtilis biofilms - Nature Communications
Non-photosynthetic bacteria often respond to changes in light through the action of photoreceptor proteins. Here, Kobayashi et al. show that Bacillus subtilis biofilms display light responses that dep...
www.nature.com
July 3, 2025 at 10:58 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
Tiffany Zarrella et al. provide new insights into the role of the bacterial second messenger cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) in maintaining cell envelope homeostasis in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
#MicroSky #cyclic-di-AMP
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/...
Cyclic Di‐AMP Affects Cell Membrane Integrity of Streptococcus pneumoniae
When Streptococcus pneumoniae produces low amounts of the second messenger cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP), they do not survive in the presence of competence-stimulating peptide (CSP), which is used for tra...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
July 2, 2025 at 3:01 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
👉 Cyclic Di-AMP Affects Cell Membrane Integrity of Streptococcus pneumoniae!

Molecular Microbiology | Microbiology Journal | Wiley Online Library onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/...

#cdiAMPl @molecularmicro.bsky.social
Cyclic Di‐AMP Affects Cell Membrane Integrity of Streptococcus pneumoniae
When Streptococcus pneumoniae produces low amounts of the second messenger cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP), they do not survive in the presence of competence-stimulating peptide (CSP), which is used for tra...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
July 1, 2025 at 12:45 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
Stevens et al. describe the molecular basis for increased antibiotic tolerance in S. aureus COL: a prs mutation that reduces PRPP synthetase activity (leading to downregulation of pyrimidine, histidine, and tryptophan synthesis) plays a major role.
#MicroSky
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/...
Staphylococcus aureus COL: An Atypical Model Strain of MRSA That Exhibits Slow Growth and Antibiotic Tolerance due to a Mutation in PRPP Synthetase
COL is an unusual “model” strain of Staphylococcus aureus that exhibits slow growth and multidrug antibiotic tolerance. This phenotype is primarily due to a mutation in Prs, which synthesizes the cor...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
June 24, 2025 at 11:25 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
Jinich et al. present an important new resource for the Mtb community!
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transposon Sequencing Database (MtbTnDB) is an interactive web resource summarizing 150+ published screens.
#MicroSky #Mycobacterium #tuberculosis
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/...
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transposon Sequencing Database (MtbTnDB): A Large‐Scale Guide to Genetic Conditional Essentiality
Mtb transposon sequencing database is a unified resource for exploring conditional gene essentiality in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. By standardizing over 150 transposon sequencing screens, it enables...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
June 24, 2025 at 11:27 AM
Reposted by John Helmann
Very happy to share that a large part of my thesis work is out today: B. subtilis uses the second messenger c-di-AMP to modulate its turgor pressure in response to the state of its cell envelope. www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Cyclic-di-AMP modulates cellular turgor in response to defects in bacterial cell wall synthesis - Nature Microbiology
Brogan et al. uncover a signalling pathway in which levels of the nucleotide second messenger c-di-AMP increase in response to defects in cell wall synthesis. This regulatory pathway decreases turgor ...
www.nature.com
June 17, 2025 at 12:20 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
Regulation of the main structural element of Lyme spirochete flagella

"The Flagellin-specific chaperone FliS of Borrelia burgdorferi controls the cytoplasmic pool of Flagellins at the level of translation initiation, secretion, and proteolysis"
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40491023/

#MicroSky
June 11, 2025 at 5:48 PM
Reposted by John Helmann
Time for Episode 95 of #MattersMicrobial! This time, Dr. Tory Hendry of Cornell University joins the #QualityQuorum to discuss aphids, symbiosis, and fluorescent bacteria. Please spread the #GoodMicrobialWord? microbe.tv

youtu.be/i9xoWApANNM?...
June 13, 2025 at 4:28 PM