Here, the authors report within-host diversity and body site translocation dynamics in hospital samples of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and reveal that body site sharing was likely due to within-patient tra...

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Published online: 14 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41579-025-01256-wIn this Review, Basler and colleagues examine the type VI secretion system (T6SS), focusing on the diversity of antibacterial T6SS effectors and the evolutionary forces that shape them. They explain how effectors diversify and highlight interbacterial antagonism as a key driver of this process.

Authors analyse paired viral and bacterial shotgun metagenomics data from individual honeybee guts, revealing modular, nested phage–bacteria networks, with viral diversity mirroring bacterial strain c...

Nature Communications - Multidrug-resistant pathogens have become increasingly common in hospital settings. Here, the authors investigate the efficacy of adjunctive antibiotic and phage therapy in...

Brazil, Australia and Italy have the highest satisfaction scores in Nature’s global 2025 PhD survey — but are these nations really the best places to do a doctorate?

Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) haemorrhagic disease is a major threat for juvenile Asian elephants. This study reports a proof-of-concept trial that evaluates the safety and immunogenicity of a vaccine against EEHV.

Adherent-invasive strains of E. coli are commonly isolated from patients with Crohn’s disease. Here, the authors show that an AIEC harbours a hybrid Type IV secretion system (T4SS) that mediates pilin polymerization and biofilm formation in vivo.

Nature Communications - This study investigates the effects of the carbapenem resistance plasmid pOXA-48 in clinical enterobacteria. Using CRISPRi screens, the authors revealed that the...

Results from early-stage trial show that 80% of participants who received one of two HIV vaccine candidates produced antibodies against viral proteins.

Perhaps. Learning languages offers other, more concrete benefits