YANGON — Four years after the 2021 coup that toppled a democratically elected government, Myanmar remains locked in a multi‑front civil war that has reshaped the country’s politics, economy, and regional alignments. What began as mass civil disobedience and urban resistance has evolved into a broader insurgency in which ethnic armed organisations, newly formed People’s Defence Forces, and local militias contest territory with the junta’s armed forces. The conflict is no longer a single national crisis but a fragmented, protracted war with shifting frontlines, growing foreign influence, and uncertain prospects for a negotiated settlement.

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