This plume signature includes the stratosphere?

Just wondering as I would have thought it would disperse more

Quite streaky...

WOW!

Hi is there any observational data in how far black and brown carbon is increasing in the stratosphere due to the recent emergence of exceptional large wildfires?

E.g. in the SH it could be increasing - large emission peaks the last years

Further is self lifting of BC relevant in the stratosphere?

Seems like that we get no a clear signal of stronger storms...

Wonder in how far stronger storms will produce a warming signal by tapping increasingly into ocean heat ...

I found now a first mentioning that zonal circulation disturbances leading to meridional air mass movements feeds back on circulation disturbances - seems to be self reinforcing

Further, a more meridional circulation can be seen as a feedback - MHWs and polar heatwaves and sea ice

To be precise its not an overall decline in cloud droplet numbers:

"We find that the ∼ 80 % reduction in sulfur emissions leads to a ∼ 67 % reduction in the increase in cloud droplet number concentration per unit marine fuel oil burned."

Precautionary principle: prove that it can't happen!

its hard to predict here anything but the end goals seems to be clear: slimy toxic soop...

Main question in how far can it happen in the open ocean or in which regions?

There exist a discussion that it could have happened during other mass extinction events

Question thou if we led it come to that?

A neurotoxic ocean is part of the microbiome of Earth in the process to become hostile...

Its the final end boss for the last remains of humanity...

In a way the whole circulation in the atmosphere and oceans could undergo oscillatory phases of stronger synchronizations between the systems.

Then it calms down, and comes again.

In part this is what happened in 2023/24 - SSTs-clouds-atmosphere-ocean-circulation...

All not clear - but we will for sure more massive El Ninos, and would really wonder me if abnormal extreme circulation patterns won't be able to trigger massive La Ninas...

This study could be highly relevant - the ENSO couples stronger with neighboring circulation modes all the way to the poles.

LOL*** but I fear you are right - lots of studies on intensifications of ENSO and its effects in a warmer world

Also would bet what both extremes get more extreme...

In a fast warming world La Ninas could be able to produce nuts SST gradients...