Lea Alhilali, MD
@teachplaygrub.bsky.social
Senior editor American Journal of Neuroradiology; Associate Editor, Radiographics; Associate Editor, Radiology; Deputy Editor, Clinical Neuroimaging.
I try to make learning neuroimaging and neuroanatomy fun. If I can make you laugh, I can help you learn.
I try to make learning neuroimaging and neuroanatomy fun. If I can make you laugh, I can help you learn.
Yes!! Great sign!!
January 30, 2025 at 7:39 PM
Yes!! Great sign!!
3/
3. Inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri are arranged like a hand fan in the coronal plane above the gyrus rectus & orbital gyrus
Now when it comes to coronal anatomy, hopefully you’ve cornered the market!
3. Inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri are arranged like a hand fan in the coronal plane above the gyrus rectus & orbital gyrus
Now when it comes to coronal anatomy, hopefully you’ve cornered the market!
January 21, 2025 at 4:38 PM
3/
3. Inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri are arranged like a hand fan in the coronal plane above the gyrus rectus & orbital gyrus
Now when it comes to coronal anatomy, hopefully you’ve cornered the market!
3. Inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri are arranged like a hand fan in the coronal plane above the gyrus rectus & orbital gyrus
Now when it comes to coronal anatomy, hopefully you’ve cornered the market!
2/
Only 3 things to remember:
1. Gyrus Rectus is above the nose. Remember this bc gyrus rectus means straight & it’s straight like your nose is straight!
2. Lateral orbital gyrus is along the medial roof of the, well, as expected, orbit!
Only 3 things to remember:
1. Gyrus Rectus is above the nose. Remember this bc gyrus rectus means straight & it’s straight like your nose is straight!
2. Lateral orbital gyrus is along the medial roof of the, well, as expected, orbit!
January 21, 2025 at 4:38 PM
2/
Only 3 things to remember:
1. Gyrus Rectus is above the nose. Remember this bc gyrus rectus means straight & it’s straight like your nose is straight!
2. Lateral orbital gyrus is along the medial roof of the, well, as expected, orbit!
Only 3 things to remember:
1. Gyrus Rectus is above the nose. Remember this bc gyrus rectus means straight & it’s straight like your nose is straight!
2. Lateral orbital gyrus is along the medial roof of the, well, as expected, orbit!
5/
So now you know where in the lumbar spine to a look when a patient tells you the pain radiates down their leg!
Remember, there are many variations & this is just a starting guide
But hopefully now remembering the lumbar radicular distributions won’t be a pain in the backside!
So now you know where in the lumbar spine to a look when a patient tells you the pain radiates down their leg!
Remember, there are many variations & this is just a starting guide
But hopefully now remembering the lumbar radicular distributions won’t be a pain in the backside!
January 16, 2025 at 3:55 PM
5/
So now you know where in the lumbar spine to a look when a patient tells you the pain radiates down their leg!
Remember, there are many variations & this is just a starting guide
But hopefully now remembering the lumbar radicular distributions won’t be a pain in the backside!
So now you know where in the lumbar spine to a look when a patient tells you the pain radiates down their leg!
Remember, there are many variations & this is just a starting guide
But hopefully now remembering the lumbar radicular distributions won’t be a pain in the backside!
4/
L5
L5 radiates to the big toe.
Remember the little rhyme “Five is to the big guy!”
L5 is also foot drop. Remember big guys are heavy, and heavy gravity = drop.
S1
S1 radiates to the side of the foot.
Remember this because both S1 and Side start w/S.
L5
L5 radiates to the big toe.
Remember the little rhyme “Five is to the big guy!”
L5 is also foot drop. Remember big guys are heavy, and heavy gravity = drop.
S1
S1 radiates to the side of the foot.
Remember this because both S1 and Side start w/S.
January 16, 2025 at 3:55 PM
4/
L5
L5 radiates to the big toe.
Remember the little rhyme “Five is to the big guy!”
L5 is also foot drop. Remember big guys are heavy, and heavy gravity = drop.
S1
S1 radiates to the side of the foot.
Remember this because both S1 and Side start w/S.
L5
L5 radiates to the big toe.
Remember the little rhyme “Five is to the big guy!”
L5 is also foot drop. Remember big guys are heavy, and heavy gravity = drop.
S1
S1 radiates to the side of the foot.
Remember this because both S1 and Side start w/S.
3/
L3
L3 radiates to the knee
Remember L3 is to the knee—easy, it rhymes!
L4
L4 radiates to the calf.
Remember this bc the number 4 looks like the calf, Top part of the 4 looking like a bulging gastroc & the bottom part of the four is the rest of the calf connecting to the ankle.
L3
L3 radiates to the knee
Remember L3 is to the knee—easy, it rhymes!
L4
L4 radiates to the calf.
Remember this bc the number 4 looks like the calf, Top part of the 4 looking like a bulging gastroc & the bottom part of the four is the rest of the calf connecting to the ankle.
January 16, 2025 at 3:55 PM
3/
L3
L3 radiates to the knee
Remember L3 is to the knee—easy, it rhymes!
L4
L4 radiates to the calf.
Remember this bc the number 4 looks like the calf, Top part of the 4 looking like a bulging gastroc & the bottom part of the four is the rest of the calf connecting to the ankle.
L3
L3 radiates to the knee
Remember L3 is to the knee—easy, it rhymes!
L4
L4 radiates to the calf.
Remember this bc the number 4 looks like the calf, Top part of the 4 looking like a bulging gastroc & the bottom part of the four is the rest of the calf connecting to the ankle.
2/
L1
L1 radiates to the groin
Remember that b/c the number 1 is, well, um…phallic. So phallic number 1 radiates to the groin
L2
L2 radiates to thigh
Two is the number between 1 & 3, so distribution of L2 is between the distributions of L1 and L3—& between the groin (L1) & knee (L3) is the thigh.
L1
L1 radiates to the groin
Remember that b/c the number 1 is, well, um…phallic. So phallic number 1 radiates to the groin
L2
L2 radiates to thigh
Two is the number between 1 & 3, so distribution of L2 is between the distributions of L1 and L3—& between the groin (L1) & knee (L3) is the thigh.
January 16, 2025 at 3:55 PM
2/
L1
L1 radiates to the groin
Remember that b/c the number 1 is, well, um…phallic. So phallic number 1 radiates to the groin
L2
L2 radiates to thigh
Two is the number between 1 & 3, so distribution of L2 is between the distributions of L1 and L3—& between the groin (L1) & knee (L3) is the thigh.
L1
L1 radiates to the groin
Remember that b/c the number 1 is, well, um…phallic. So phallic number 1 radiates to the groin
L2
L2 radiates to thigh
Two is the number between 1 & 3, so distribution of L2 is between the distributions of L1 and L3—& between the groin (L1) & knee (L3) is the thigh.
4/
Quadrigeminal cistern
Contains CN4 & pineal gland
Remember bc QUAD is the prefix for FOUR
Lamina terminalis:
Contains ACOMM
Remember this bc shape of SAH after ACOMM rupture follows this cistern anteriorly
Now when you look at cisternal anatomy, you’ll definitely be able to go w/the flow!
Quadrigeminal cistern
Contains CN4 & pineal gland
Remember bc QUAD is the prefix for FOUR
Lamina terminalis:
Contains ACOMM
Remember this bc shape of SAH after ACOMM rupture follows this cistern anteriorly
Now when you look at cisternal anatomy, you’ll definitely be able to go w/the flow!
January 13, 2025 at 3:43 PM
4/
Quadrigeminal cistern
Contains CN4 & pineal gland
Remember bc QUAD is the prefix for FOUR
Lamina terminalis:
Contains ACOMM
Remember this bc shape of SAH after ACOMM rupture follows this cistern anteriorly
Now when you look at cisternal anatomy, you’ll definitely be able to go w/the flow!
Quadrigeminal cistern
Contains CN4 & pineal gland
Remember bc QUAD is the prefix for FOUR
Lamina terminalis:
Contains ACOMM
Remember this bc shape of SAH after ACOMM rupture follows this cistern anteriorly
Now when you look at cisternal anatomy, you’ll definitely be able to go w/the flow!
3/
Chiasmatic cistern
Contains CN 2 & pituitary stalk
Easy to remember bc CHIASM is CN 2
Interpeduncular cistern:
Contains CN 3 & mammillary bodies
Remember this bc if you lay the number 3 on its side it looks both like the 2 cerebral peduncles (where this cistern lies) & well, 2 mamillary bodies
Chiasmatic cistern
Contains CN 2 & pituitary stalk
Easy to remember bc CHIASM is CN 2
Interpeduncular cistern:
Contains CN 3 & mammillary bodies
Remember this bc if you lay the number 3 on its side it looks both like the 2 cerebral peduncles (where this cistern lies) & well, 2 mamillary bodies
January 13, 2025 at 3:43 PM
3/
Chiasmatic cistern
Contains CN 2 & pituitary stalk
Easy to remember bc CHIASM is CN 2
Interpeduncular cistern:
Contains CN 3 & mammillary bodies
Remember this bc if you lay the number 3 on its side it looks both like the 2 cerebral peduncles (where this cistern lies) & well, 2 mamillary bodies
Chiasmatic cistern
Contains CN 2 & pituitary stalk
Easy to remember bc CHIASM is CN 2
Interpeduncular cistern:
Contains CN 3 & mammillary bodies
Remember this bc if you lay the number 3 on its side it looks both like the 2 cerebral peduncles (where this cistern lies) & well, 2 mamillary bodies
2/
Cisterna Magna:
Largest cistern
Contains CN 9-11 & vertebrals
Remember: LARGEST cistern contains the LARGEST cranial nerve (vagus) & the 2 CN around it
Prepontine cistern:
Contains CN 6 & basilar
Remember this bc the number 6 shape mirrors the anterior pons curvature, where this cistern lies
Cisterna Magna:
Largest cistern
Contains CN 9-11 & vertebrals
Remember: LARGEST cistern contains the LARGEST cranial nerve (vagus) & the 2 CN around it
Prepontine cistern:
Contains CN 6 & basilar
Remember this bc the number 6 shape mirrors the anterior pons curvature, where this cistern lies
January 13, 2025 at 3:43 PM
2/
Cisterna Magna:
Largest cistern
Contains CN 9-11 & vertebrals
Remember: LARGEST cistern contains the LARGEST cranial nerve (vagus) & the 2 CN around it
Prepontine cistern:
Contains CN 6 & basilar
Remember this bc the number 6 shape mirrors the anterior pons curvature, where this cistern lies
Cisterna Magna:
Largest cistern
Contains CN 9-11 & vertebrals
Remember: LARGEST cistern contains the LARGEST cranial nerve (vagus) & the 2 CN around it
Prepontine cistern:
Contains CN 6 & basilar
Remember this bc the number 6 shape mirrors the anterior pons curvature, where this cistern lies
3/
Variability exists because of:
--Perilesional penumbra
--Remote effects from disruption of brain connectivity
--Differing brain reserve & compensatory mechanisms
So remember, imaging findings of SMALL vessel disease are just the tip of a very BIG iceberg!
Variability exists because of:
--Perilesional penumbra
--Remote effects from disruption of brain connectivity
--Differing brain reserve & compensatory mechanisms
So remember, imaging findings of SMALL vessel disease are just the tip of a very BIG iceberg!
January 10, 2025 at 3:57 PM
3/
Variability exists because of:
--Perilesional penumbra
--Remote effects from disruption of brain connectivity
--Differing brain reserve & compensatory mechanisms
So remember, imaging findings of SMALL vessel disease are just the tip of a very BIG iceberg!
Variability exists because of:
--Perilesional penumbra
--Remote effects from disruption of brain connectivity
--Differing brain reserve & compensatory mechanisms
So remember, imaging findings of SMALL vessel disease are just the tip of a very BIG iceberg!
2/
Common imaging markers of SVD:
--White matter hyperintensities (WMHs)
--Lacunes
--Enlarged perivascular spaces
--Microbleeds
--Small subcortical infarcts
--Brain atrophy
But what you see isn’t always what you get!
Even in pts w/similar degrees of SVD, clinical symptoms can be very variable
Common imaging markers of SVD:
--White matter hyperintensities (WMHs)
--Lacunes
--Enlarged perivascular spaces
--Microbleeds
--Small subcortical infarcts
--Brain atrophy
But what you see isn’t always what you get!
Even in pts w/similar degrees of SVD, clinical symptoms can be very variable
January 10, 2025 at 3:57 PM
2/
Common imaging markers of SVD:
--White matter hyperintensities (WMHs)
--Lacunes
--Enlarged perivascular spaces
--Microbleeds
--Small subcortical infarcts
--Brain atrophy
But what you see isn’t always what you get!
Even in pts w/similar degrees of SVD, clinical symptoms can be very variable
Common imaging markers of SVD:
--White matter hyperintensities (WMHs)
--Lacunes
--Enlarged perivascular spaces
--Microbleeds
--Small subcortical infarcts
--Brain atrophy
But what you see isn’t always what you get!
Even in pts w/similar degrees of SVD, clinical symptoms can be very variable