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olivia.science
Olivia Guest · Ολίβια Γκεστ
@olivia.science
yes, really messed up stuff, see thus by me and @irisvanrooij.bsky.social (2025). Critical Artificial Intelligence Literacy for Psychologists. doi.org/10.31234/osf...

and: bsky.app/profile/oliv...
7 Equivocation of Human-Human & Human-AI AI products enact direct dehumanisation, intrinsic psychological harm to children, patients, and other vulnerable populations, resulting in grave consequences such as causing severe mental illness, pushing people to suicide, recommending illegal drug use, and sanctioning murder (Abrams, 2025; Akingbola et al., 2024; Bellan, 2025; Bender, 2024; Borau, 2025; Broderick, 2025; Chen et al., 2023; Dang & Liu, 2025; Dupré, 2025; Eichenberger et al., 2025; Horwitz, 2025; Huntington, 2025; Jargon & Kessler, 2025; Kaplan, 2024; Kim & McGill, 2025; Klee, 2025; Koike & Loughnan, 2021; Landymore, 2025; Laricheva et al., 2024; Montgomery, 2024; Morrin et al., 2025; Neville, 2025; Omar et al., 2025; Pejcha, 2023; Purtill, 2025; Rajkumar, 2025; Reiley, 2025; Roose, 2024; Schoene & Canca, 2025; J. Taylor, 2025; Tiku, 2025a, 2025b; Warzel, 2025; Wei, 2025; Xiang, 2023). ChatGPT doesn’t offer genuine emotional attunement. It cannot replicate the human connection necessary for healing. More dangerously, it can delay access to professional help. People think they’re improving, but often they’re not. (Shmais, 2025, n.p. also Akingbola et al., 2024; Al-Sibai, 2025; L. Clarke, 2025; Lebovitz et al., 2021; Turkle, 2015; Turkle et al., 2006) The focus here is the effect that confusing human-object with human-human has if normalised for social psychological scientific practice (e.g. Goff et al., 2014; cf. Appelman, 2023; BBC News, 2021; Grant and Hill, 2023; Hern, 2018; Neville, 2025). Typical cases are when displacements happen in the relationship between client and therapist, student and teacher, patient and doctor — and perhaps most shockingly between friends or romantic partners — and when academics see these displacements as acceptable (Akingbola et al., 2024; Bender, 2024; Chen et al., 2023; Dang & Liu, 2025; Kim & McGill, 2025; Koike & Loughnan, 2021; Litwack, 2024; Oldfield, 2023; Vanman & Kappas, 2019). These are not social interactions. They … All AI, and indeed any technology in mental or other healthcare settings requires “keeping users safe [and this in turn] requires substantial input from clinicians and careful planning to reduce risk.” (Abrams, 2025) This is key because it is not possible to keep people safe without a highly qualified human-in-theloop (Amironesei et al., 2021; El-Mhamdi et al., 2022; T. Liu et al., 2025; Salecha et al., 2024; Sharma et al., 2025; Weidinger et al., 2022) and even then the risk of deskilling is present (e.g. Budzyń et al., 2025; recall section 4: Outsourcing Programming to Companies). Relatedly, and taking the example of the therapist-client relationship, dehumanising parallels encoded in expressions such as: “the country needs all the quality therapists we can get — be they human or bot” (Riddle, 2025) cannot become normal in our scientific discussions. No therapist under proper ethical functioning would cause their client to be addicted to their therapy (Huntington, 2025) nor would they, as in the Replika example (The Luddite, 2024), introduce a sexual relationship between them and their client (Pettit, 2024b). Any such suggestions to use a chatbot as a therapist would go against professional codes of conduct and possibly the law (e.g. Abraham, 2002; American Psychological Association, 2017; Belanger, 2025; British Psychological Society, 2021; Cole, 2025; Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation, 2025; Mental health Foundation, 2022). Finally, as scientists we have to analyse situations carefully, so
October 28, 2025 at 7:45 AM Everybody can reply
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olivia.science
Olivia Guest · Ολίβια Γκεστ
@olivia.science
Fifth, the equivocation of human-human & human-AI relationships; a slip that is so ubiquitous that most seem to ignore it, but it's harmful and even probably illegal or against codes of conduct in many settings that involve professional psychologists. See section 7: doi.org/10.31234/osf...

9/
7 Equivocation of Human-Human & Human-AI AI products enact direct dehumanisation, intrinsic psychological harm to children, patients, and other vulnerable populations, resulting in grave consequences such as causing severe mental illness, pushing people to suicide, recommending illegal drug use, and sanctioning murder (Abrams, 2025; Akingbola et al., 2024; Bellan, 2025; Bender, 2024; Borau, 2025; Broderick, 2025; Chen et al., 2023; Dang & Liu, 2025; Dupré, 2025; Eichenberger et al., 2025; Horwitz, 2025; Huntington, 2025; Jargon & Kessler, 2025; Kaplan, 2024; Kim & McGill, 2025; Klee, 2025; Koike & Loughnan, 2021; Landymore, 2025; Laricheva et al., 2024; Montgomery, 2024; Morrin et al., 2025; Neville, 2025; Omar et al., 2025; Pejcha, 2023; Purtill, 2025; Rajkumar, 2025; Reiley, 2025; Roose, 2024; Schoene & Canca, 2025; J. Taylor, 2025; Tiku, 2025a, 2025b; Warzel, 2025; Wei, 2025; Xiang, 2023). ChatGPT doesn’t offer genuine emotional attunement. It cannot replicate the human connection necessary for healing. More dangerously, it can delay access to professional help. People think they’re improving, but often they’re not. (Shmais, 2025, n.p. also Akingbola et al., 2024; Al-Sibai, 2025; L. Clarke, 2025; Lebovitz et al., 2021; Turkle, 2015; Turkle et al., 2006) These problematic beliefs exist on a spectrum, from the assumption that AI products can help in mental health (e.g. Dehbozorgi et al., 2025; Siddals et al., 2024; Wellcome, 2025) to the assertion that a chatbot can be a therapist (Kilgore, 2025), which is a regulated profession (e.g. European Federation of Psychologists’ Associations, 2025) with codes of ethics (e.g. American Psychological Association, 2017; British Psychological Society, 2021). Proponents of these beliefs use the guise of labour shortages and the global mental health crisis (Kaplan, 2024), as cover to deskill (for an alarming case, see Budzyń et al., 2025; also Akingbola et al., 2024; Lebovitz et al., 2021), contributing to the polycrises the technology industry and their allies uniquely profit from (McConnell & Jacobs, 2025). All AI, and indeed any technology in mental or other healthcare settings requires “keeping users safe [and this in turn] requires substantial input from clinicians and careful planning to reduce risk.” (Abrams, 2025) This is key because it is not possible to keep people safe without a highly qualified human-in-theloop (Amironesei et al., 2021; El-Mhamdi et al., 2022; T. Liu et al., 2025; Salecha et al., 2024; Sharma et al., 2025; Weidinger et al., 2022) and even then the risk of deskilling is present (e.g. Budzyń et al., 2025; recall section 4: Outsourcing Programming to Companies). Relatedly, and taking the example of the therapist-client relationship, dehumanising parallels encoded in expressions such as: “the country needs all the quality therapists we can get — be they human or bot” (Riddle, 2025) cannot become normal in our scientific discussions. No therapist under proper ethical functioning would cause their client to be addicted to their therapy (Huntington, 2025) nor would they, as in the Replika example (The Luddite, 2024), introduce a sexual relationship between them and their client (Pettit, 2024b). Any such suggestions to use a chatbot as a therapist would go aga… we must be critical when we see statements such as: “It’s worth noting that AI can pass the clinical social worker exam — even without seeing the questions. But that shows the weaknesses of exams more than the strength of AI” (Caldwell, 2024, n.p.). An AI product passing an exam means nothing about the “weaknesses” of exams in the abstract. Anybody can ‘win’ a marathon if driven by car. Does that make it a weakness of the marathon race as an endurance event? Or does it reflect a deeper category error on our behalf, like with the misapplication of statistical tests, that an assumption has been violated? The race as the exam assumes an unaided human performs it. Any digital computer can surpass a human at many feats, e.g. calculations per second, but that grants no humanity to the machine.
October 4, 2025 at 6:32 AM Everybody can reply
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olivia.science
Olivia Guest · Ολίβια Γκεστ
@olivia.science
Now, we tackle in turn the issues we outlined in the abstract:

First, the displacement of human participants, tracing the history of technologies to recruit real people, we end up forgetting the whole point: gathering — not fabricating! — human data. More at section 3: doi.org/10.31234/osf...

5/
3 Displacement of Participants Many technological solutions to recruiting and managing participants have been proposed: from original pen and paper sign up sheets and physical bulletin boards to computer systems like SONA, which digitised and automated some of these processes, and then furthermore to platforms like Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk), which allows participants to be outsourced to sweatshops (e.g. C. A. Anderson et al., 2019; Douglas et al., 2023; Gamblin et al., 2017; Gray & Suri, 2019; Hauser & Schwarz, 2016; Wagner et al., 2022). It may be the case that systems like MTurk, which is named after the infamous pseudo-automaton which beat Napoleon at chess (Manninger, 2024), indeed have clear pros and cons, and are perhaps not inherently abusive. However, they are clearly open to abuse (C. A. Anderson et al., 2019; Guest, 2024; Newman, 2019; Pettit, 2024c; Stephens, 2023). MTurk’s namesake, the original Mechanical Turk, was a device that comprised a cupboard with a chess board on top and which across the player sat an orientalist puppet. However much it may have seemed the puppet played chess, it was instead a hidden human who moved the pieces. In the present, sweatshops based on Amazon’s MTurk technology undergird all modern AI products (Alba, 2023; Bansal, 2025; Equidem, 2025; Gershgorn, 2017; Gray & Suri, 2019; Manninger, 2024; Perrigo, 2023; Stephens, 2023; Streitfeld, 2025; Suri, 2019; Yang et al., 2020). This human-in-the-loop technique has had applications in the 2010s with deep artificial neural networks that performed what is claimed to be human-like vision, and in the 2020s with reinforcement learning from human feedback (e.g. Birhane et al., 2023; Guest & Martin, 2025b; Kirk et al., 2023; Manninger, 2024; Prabhu & Birhane, 2020; Suri, 2019). The next iteration of this is to completely obfuscate the human-in-the-loop (Guest, 2025; Guest & Martin, 2025a; Shiffrin & Mitchell, 2023) and present AI products, such as those powered by large language models (LLMs), as able to stand in for, displace, human participants or their data (cf. Crockett & Messeri, 2023; Dillion et al., 2023; Jamieson et al., 2023; Rilla et al., 2025; Rossi et al., 2024; Schröder et al., 2025). This is problematic for many reasons (viz. Guest, Suarez, et al., 2025; van Rooij & Guest, 2025), but some lesser discussed angles are that the AI products cannot replace human participants but are merely a) returning unethically sourced (pre-existing) human data (Alba, 2023; Bansal, 2025; Equidem, 2025; Guest, 2025; Perrigo, 2023). And as such, b) these data have statistically unfavourable properties according to what are stated norms of the field, such as comprising double dipping (Y. Liu et al., 2024; Villalobos et al., 2024; What is most disparaging if we continue down this route, is not only that it leads to data fabrication on steroids but that also we will depend on a machine that, for lack of a less anthropomorphic term, lies, and lies about lying by design (Bender & Hanna, 2025; Bender et al., 2021; DeVrio et al., 2025; Edwards, 2023b; Hicks et al., 2024; Metz, 2023; Xu et al., 2025; Zhao et al., 2025). It deceives through the Eliza effect, the cognitive bias towards assigning human-like traits to chatbots (Borau, 2025; Dillon, 2020; Koike & Loughnan, 2021; Weizenbaum, 1966), and the BarnumForer effect, the phenomenon where one thinks generic person
October 4, 2025 at 5:58 AM Everybody can reply
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historiadearagon.bsky.social
Historia de Aragón
@historiadearagon.bsky.social
#TalDíaComoHoy En el año 2002 el cineasta aragonés José Luis Borau recibió el Premio Nacional de Cinematografía por su trayectoria y aportaciónes al #cine.

#Historia | #Aragón |
HISTORIA DEL CINE EN ARAGÓN: GRANDES FIGURAS
En el artículo anterior vimos cómo Aragón es, desde el génesis cinematográfico, un escaparate donde muchísimos artistas han decidido encuadrar sus obras por lo bello y variado de sus paisajes. En e…
historiaragon.com
September 18, 2025 at 8:02 PM Everybody can reply
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academiadecine.bsky.social
Academia de Cine
@academiadecine.bsky.social
Furtivos, de José Luis Borau, inaugura la sección Klasikoak del Festival de San Sebastián con una renovada versión en 4K y un final alternativo inédito @sansebastianfestival.com @flixole.bsky.social
September 9, 2025 at 10:03 AM Everybody can reply
3 reposts 7 likes
3 7
sansebastianfestival.com
Donostia Zinemaldia - Festival de San Sebastián
@sansebastianfestival.com
#73SSIFF 🕰️ #Klasikoak rescatará filmes de Christian-Jaque, Jorge Fons, Giménez-Rico, Stanley Kubrick, Yoshimitsu Morita y Manoel de Oliveira.

Será inaugurada por ‘Furtivos’ de Borau, y la completarán los mediometrajes de Bakedano, Elorriaga, Lertxundi y Ungría.

🌐 tinyurl.com/73SSIFF-Klasikoak-es
September 3, 2025 at 12:20 PM Everybody can reply
3 reposts 5 likes
1 3 5
inocente82.bsky.social
Inocente82
@inocente82.bsky.social
Manoel de Oliveira, Jaime Chavarri, Gonzalo Suàrez, Guillermo del Toro, Amos Gitai, Colomo, Urbizu, Borau, Gómez Pereira, Arturo Ripatein, e incluso Roberto Benigni (en La vida es bella) e Iván Zulueta. Y Marisa Paredes también trabajó y fue gran complice de Agusti Villaronga.
December 17, 2024 at 1:13 PM Everybody can reply
adocma.bsky.social
DOCMA
@adocma.bsky.social
🎥 BORAU Y EL CINE de @germanroda.bsky.social se PREESTRENA esta tarde en los @cinesrenoir.bsky.social Princesa
▪️Es el primer documental dedicado íntegramente a la figura de José Luis Borau

💺Mañana viernes 27/06 se estrena en salas

💡 t.ly/0g8Hj
📎 Patricia Roda

#SomosDOCMA
June 26, 2025 at 12:03 PM Everybody can reply
1 reposts 1 likes
1 1
jmorenocalvete.bsky.social
Javier Moreno Calvete
@jmorenocalvete.bsky.social
Vamos a ver Furtivos de Jose Luis Borau.
June 19, 2025 at 8:44 AM Everybody can reply
2 likes
2
ciegoconpistola.bsky.social
David Romera
@ciegoconpistola.bsky.social
2)PRODUCTOR Y GUIONISTA(I): con ECO FILMS produjo '9 cartas a Berta' (B. M. Patino), 'La tía Tula' (M. Picazo) o 'Del Rosa al amarillo' (M.Summers), claves dentro del 'Nuevo Cine Español', además de otras muchas como el policiaco 'Crimen de doble filo' (J. L. Borau).
January 31, 2025 at 10:26 AM Everybody can reply
1 likes
1 1
damautor.bsky.social
DAMA
@damautor.bsky.social
El lunes 17, @filmotecaes.bsky.social, el Festival de Málaga y DAMA, en colaboración con @sansebastianfes.bsky.social y @caimancdc.bsky.social, presentaremos ‘Furtivos. 50 años’, libro que celebra el aniversario de la obra de José Luis Borau escrito por Carlos F. Heredero.
¡Nos vemos en Málaga!
March 13, 2025 at 5:36 PM Everybody can reply
1 reposts 3 likes
1 3
federacionanarquista.net
Ⓐ Federación Anarquista Ⓐ
@federacionanarquista.net
[12/10] “Solidaridad Obrera” – Homenaje a Ferrer – Considerando – Harman – Pougen – Dupuy – Ago – Boulangier – Miera – Grangel – Ábalos – Vallés – Balbuena – Llonga – Borau – Monreal – Rizal – Valéro – Estévez – Piccinelli – Bénard
[12/10] “Solidaridad Obrera” – Homenaje a Ferrer – Considerando – Harman – Pougen – Dupuy – Ago – Boulangier – Miera – Grangel – Ábalos – Vallés – Balbuena – Llonga – Borau – Monreal – Rizal – Valéro – Estévez – Piccinelli – Bénard – Martínez – Castelhano
www.federacionanarquista.net
October 12, 2025 at 9:54 AM Everybody can reply
1 likes
1
davidavidserranin.bsky.social
David Serrano Dolader
@davidavidserranin.bsky.social
Esta tarde, a las 19:00h en la sala Pilar Sinués del edificio Paraninfo, se proyecta el largometraje La Sabina, de José Luis Borau dentro del ciclo 'Los lunes del Aula de Cine'.
@www.unizar.es
February 10, 2025 at 11:59 AM Everybody can reply
2 likes
2
arainfo.bsky.social
AraInfo
@arainfo.bsky.social
AGENDA | El documental 'Borau y el cine" pone el broche final a las sesiones de 'La buena estrella' de este curso. La cita es este miércoles en el Paraninfo de la Universidad de Zaragoza
June 25, 2025 at 7:15 AM Everybody can reply
alfrodo.bsky.social
Alfrodo
@alfrodo.bsky.social
Pues acabo de enterarme que hace tres meses murió Piti Sanz. Era miembro de Los Contentos, uno de mis grupos favoritos de rock garajero. Crucé dos o tres palabras con él, si mal no recuerdo eran de cine y mi parentesco con Jose Luis Borau. Los Contentos seguirán sonando a volumen alto en casa.
August 20, 2025 at 9:39 AM Everybody can reply
2 likes
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cinemaldito.bsky.social
Cine maldito
@cinemaldito.bsky.social
𝗘𝗻 𝗲𝗹 𝗼𝗹𝘃𝗶𝗱𝗼. @sarajesko.bsky.social reseña el documental 𝘉𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘶 𝘺 𝘦𝘭 𝘤𝘪𝘯𝘦 de 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺á𝗻 𝗥𝗼𝗱𝗮
🎟️ Llega a cines mañana de la mano de Me lo creo
www.cinemaldito.com/borau-y-el-c...
June 26, 2025 at 8:39 AM Everybody can reply
1 quotes 2 likes
2
nfaerna.bsky.social
Nacho Faerna
@nfaerna.bsky.social
“Hasta que no consigo fracasar con algo no logro pasar al siguiente empeño.”

José Luis Borau
February 23, 2025 at 10:25 AM Everybody can reply
2 reposts 6 likes
2 6
oskarbelategui.bsky.social
Oskar Belategui
@oskarbelategui.bsky.social
Cuenta Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón en ‘Vida y maravillas’ que Borau se llevaba tan mal con los actores americanos de ‘Hay que matar a B’ que llamó a un notario para que levantara acta por si se negaban a seguir sus instrucciones.
December 4, 2024 at 10:34 PM Everybody can reply
2 likes
2
puertoshuesca.bsky.social
PUERTOS de HUESCA
@puertoshuesca.bsky.social
‼️ CICLOTURISMO ‼️

LA ISOLÉ - Marcha ciclista que se celebra en Borau y que recuerda al jacetano JM Javierre, preimer español en un Tour (1909). No competitiva, de ambiente familiar y hecha desde el cariño. Volveré.
La Isolé, homenaje a un pionero
Blog sobre altimetrías de puertos en la provincia de Huesca
puertosdehuesca.blogspot.com
June 17, 2025 at 11:29 AM Everybody can reply
1 likes
1
cinemaldito.bsky.social
Cine maldito
@cinemaldito.bsky.social
Estrenos del 27 de junio con A la deriva, Volver a ti, Borau y el cine y más
www.cinemaldito.com/estrenos-de-...
Estrenos de la semana: 27 de junio (2025)
Cerramos el mes de junio con una nueva tanda de estrenos donde encontramos nuevos títulos festivaleros: A la deriva, lo nuevo de Jia Zhangke; Volver a ti, segundo largometraje de Jeanette Nordahl; as
www.cinemaldito.com
June 24, 2025 at 6:02 PM Everybody can reply
1 likes
1
gamusino.es
Fernando de Córdoba 🏳️‍🌈 🏳️‍⚧️
@gamusino.es
Me encanta. En la Cineteca del Matadero las salas son A (Azcona) y B (Borau, aunque juraría que antes tenía otro nombre).
uncientovolando.com Mikel Navarro @uncientovolando.com · Jul 14
No sé a quién se le ocurrió lo de Sala A (Austrias) y Sala B (Borbones) para organizar el espacio de las Colecciones Reales, pero quiero mucho a esa persona.
Cartel indicativo del recorrido de las Colecciones reales.
July 14, 2025 at 1:36 PM Everybody can reply
1 reposts 17 likes
2 1 17
anadaracm.bsky.social
Ana Dara Peña Giraldo
@anadaracm.bsky.social
Vaya joyita. "Hay que matar a B." de Borau es cine político disfrazado de thriller. Me conmovió. Cruda, incómoda y más vigente de lo que debería. Poder, manipulación y moralidad en una trama donde nadie sale limpio. Con Darren McGavin, Stéphane Audran y la grande Patricia Neal💛
February 21, 2025 at 8:13 PM Everybody can reply
1 likes
1
melocreo.bsky.social
ME LO CREO
@melocreo.bsky.social
En la primera ceremonia de los Premios Goya, los tres nominados a mejor actor de reparto fueron:
Agustín González por "Mambrú se fue a la guerra" de F. Fernán Gómez.
Miguel Rellán por "Tata mía" de J. L. Borau.
Antonio Banderas por "Matador" de P. Almodóvar.
Y el Goya fue para...
May 20, 2025 at 7:05 PM Everybody can reply
puertoshuesca.bsky.social
PUERTOS de HUESCA
@puertoshuesca.bsky.social
‼️ ALTIMETRÍA ‼️

LIZARA (1.525 m) ➡️ Espectacular subida a este conocido refugio del Valle de Aragüés. Duro enlazado desde Jaca con Borau, Aísa y Puyarrón. En primavera es top, en la plenitud del otoño no hay palabras. Fotazas dentro. Muy muy recomendable
Refugio de Lizara, a los pies del Bisaurín
Blog sobre altimetrías de puertos en la provincia de Huesca
puertosdehuesca.blogspot.com
July 15, 2025 at 6:21 PM Everybody can reply