Prof Rakesh Garg
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Prof Rakesh Garg
@rakeshgarg.bsky.social
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Dr Rakesh Garg
Editor-in-Chief
Indian Journal of Anaesthesia (IJA),
Official PubMed indexed publication of Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA)
Impact Factor 2.9
Professor, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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🩺 Greetings from the Indian Journal of Anaesthesia (IJA)!
✨ The November 2025 Issue is now live!

🔗 Read now: journals.lww.com/ijaweb/pages...

— Prof. Rakesh Garg
Editor-in-Chief, IJA | AIIMS, New Delhi
📧 [email protected] | 📞 9810393950
journals.lww.com
November 1, 2025 at 12:55 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🚨 Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 🚨
Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis:
“Comparison of desflurane and sevoflurane as maintenance inhalational anaesthetic agents for adult patients undergoing neurosurgeries”

DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_1215_24
journals.lww.com/ijaweb/fullt...
#IJA #Indian_J_Anaesth
October 18, 2025 at 2:27 AM
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Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 69(1):p 54-64, January 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_1027_24
journals.lww.com/ijaweb/fullt...
💉 SAP vs TPV Block – Which is Better?

#RegionalAnaesthesia #PainManagement #IJA #AnaesthesiaResearch #ChestWallSurgery
October 18, 2025 at 2:23 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
📖 Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
journals.lww.com/ijaweb/fullt...

#RegionalAnaesthesia #PainManagement #PercutaneousNephrolithotomy #IJA #Anaesthesiology #EvidenceBasedMedicine
October 18, 2025 at 2:18 AM
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Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 69(1):p 12-22, January 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_679_24
journals.lww.com/ijaweb/fullt...
💉 Regional Anaesthesia in PCNL – What Works Best?

#RegionalAnaesthesia #PCNL #PainManagement #IJA #AnaesthesiaResearch
October 15, 2025 at 1:42 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
Impact of Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in idiopathic scoliosis of children: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.
Indian J Anaesth. 2025 Jan;69(1):23-37. doi: 10.4103/ija.ija_953_24

journals.lww.com/ijaweb/fullt...
October 15, 2025 at 1:35 AM
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IJA Study Alert!
A network meta-analysis comparing regional anaesthesia for PCNL shows:
👉 ESPB, PVB, and QLB significantly reduce opioid use vs placebo

📖 Read full article
journals.lww.com/ijaweb/fullt...
October 12, 2025 at 6:22 PM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🆕 IJA case report:
Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane (SPSIP) block introduced for spine surgery.
Novel interfascial plane block → effective analgesia & reduced opioid need.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800707/
#Indian_J_Anaesth #RegionalAnaesthesia #SpineSurgery
New interfascial plane block for spine surgery: Serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block - PubMed
New interfascial plane block for spine surgery: Serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 3:25 PM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🧠 New #IJA case report:
Impact of different BIS sensor placements on density spectral array (DSA) in a neurosurgical patient.
Findings: Placement significantly alters EEG-derived data → crucial for safe anaesthesia titration.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800706/
#Indian_J_Anaesth #BISMonitoring
A comparison of different bispectral index sensor placements in a neurosurgical patient and their impact on density spectral array data - PubMed
A comparison of different bispectral index sensor placements in a neurosurgical patient and their impact on density spectral array data
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 2:30 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🦴 New #IJA case report:
Thoracic Segmental Spinal Anaesthesia (TSSA) for scapular fracture surgery.
Targeted block → stable haemodynamics & an alternative to GA in selected trauma patients.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800705/
#Indian_J_Anaesth #RegionalAnaesthesia
Thoracic segmental spinal anaesthesia for scapular fracture: A case report - PubMed
Thoracic segmental spinal anaesthesia for scapular fracture: A case report
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 2:28 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🦴 New #IJA article:
Is the PENG block truly superior to the SIFI block for hip surgery patients?
Focus: quadriceps strength, weight-bearing, & functional outcomes.
Evidence evolving → more RCTs needed.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800702/
#Indian_J_Anaesth #RegionalAnaesthesia
Is the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block truly superior to the suprainguinal fascia iliaca (SIFI) block in terms of functional outcome with better quadriceps strength and enhanced weight bearing i...
Is the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block truly superior to the suprainguinal fascia iliaca (SIFI) block in terms of functional outcome with better quadriceps strength and enhanced weight bearing i...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 2:25 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
📊 New #IJA article:
Highlighting the importance of reporting Number Needed to Treat (NNT) in anaesthesia research.
NNT provides a clear, clinically relevant measure of benefit → improves decision-making & patient-centred care.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800695/
#Indian_J_Anaesth
Enhancing clinical decision-making: The imperative of reporting number needed to treat in anaesthesia research - PubMed
Enhancing clinical decision-making: The imperative of reporting number needed to treat in anaesthesia research
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 2:16 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🌸 New #IJA study:
Intention vs actual use of labour epidural analgesia (LEA) & risk of postnatal depression.
Findings: Gaps between expectation & reality in intrapartum care may influence maternal mental health outcomes.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800709/
#Indian_J_Anaesth
Investigating the association between intention for labour epidural analgesia (LEA), actual delivery with LEA and postnatal depression: A secondary analysis - PubMed
Investigating the association between intention for labour epidural analgesia (LEA), actual delivery with LEA and postnatal depression: A secondary analysis
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 2:14 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
📢 New #IJA RCT:
ERAS protocol vs conventional care in head & neck free flap oncosurgery.
Findings: ERAS improved recovery, reduced complications & shortened hospital stay → a safe & effective pathway for complex cancer surgery.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800711/
#Indian_J_Anaesth
Comparison of the efficacy of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol tailor-made for head and neck free flap oncosurgery with conventional perioperative care: A randomised clinical trial - Pu...
At least 90% compliance with the described 15-element ERAS protocol reduces LOS and time to RIOT in head-neck oncosurgery patients with free-flap reconstruction.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 2:09 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🧠 New #IJA RCT:
AMPA receptor modulation reduces remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia in reoperative rats.
Mechanistic study shows targeted synaptic interventions can mitigate opioid-induced pain sensitisation.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800697/
#Indian_J_Anaesth #PainMedicine
Modulating AMPA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity: Mechanistic interventions against remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia in reoperative rats - A randomised controlled trial - PubMed
Repetitive remifentanil administration during consecutive operations within a short temporal window significantly potentiated opioid-induced hyperalgesia in a rat reoperation model. This hyperalgesic ...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 7, 2025 at 2:07 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🫁 New #IJA RCT:
External Oblique Intercostal Plane Block vs Thoracic Erector Spinae Block for post-thoracotomy pain.
Findings: EOIP block was non-inferior to ESP → effective analgesia, easier option for thoracic surgery patients.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800700/
#Indian_J_Anaesth
Ultrasound-guided external oblique intercostal plane block versus thoracic erector spinae block for post-thoracotomy pain: A randomised double-blinded non-inferior clinical study - PubMed
The analgesic effect of EOIB was non-inferior to ESPB for post-thoracotomy pain, as evidenced by comparable total opioid consumption, time of first request for analgesia, and pain score in the first 2...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 6, 2025 at 1:40 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🧠 New #IJA RCT:
Cognitive recovery after desflurane vs sevoflurane anaesthesia
Both agents enable fast recovery, but show differences in cognitive outcomes → key for early discharge & safety.
Read: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800694/
#Indian_J_Anaesth #Anaesthesia
Cognitive recovery assessment in patients after desflurane versus sevoflurane-based general anaesthesia: A randomised, comparative, double-blinded study - PubMed
Both desflurane and sevoflurane are comparable for cognitive recovery and duration of the PACU stay following GA.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 6, 2025 at 1:23 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🫁 New #IJA RCT:
Lignocaine via suction channel of subglottic suction drainage tube improves tube tolerance during extubation vs IV lignocaine.
Less coughing, better airway comfort → a practical airway innovation.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800710/
#Indian_J_Anaesth
Lignocaine instilled through the suction channel of a subglottic suction drainage tracheal tube improves tube tolerance during extubation compared to intravenous lignocaine: A double-blinded randomise...
Subglottic instillation of lignocaine significantly improves tube tolerance during extubation and has favourable effects on heart rate compared to intravenous administration.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 6, 2025 at 12:58 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🚨 #IJA:
RCT on dexmedetomidine + magnesium sulphate in severe pre-eclampsia.
Using optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), combo therapy reduced intracranial tension → potential for safer maternal outcomes.
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800704/
#Indian_J_Anaesth #MaternalHealth #NeuroAnaesthesia
Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with magnesium sulphate on intracranial tension in patients with severe pre-eclampsia using ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath Diameter - A randomised clinical tria...
Dexmedetomidine infusion in combination with magnesium sulphate effectively mitigates the elevation of intracranial tension observed in pre-eclamptic patients with severe features without increasing m...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 3, 2025 at 1:05 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
📊 ESPB research from India is on the rise!
✅ Publications span thoracic, abdominal, ortho & paediatric surgery
✅ Case reports, trials & reviews included
Bibliometric analysis 👉 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800696/
#IJA #ESPB #RegionalAnaesthesia
________________________________________
Publications by Indian authors on erector spinae plane block: A bibliometric analysis - PubMed
The erector spinae plane block (ESPB), first described in 2016, has gained immense popularity worldwide due to its simplicity and effectiveness in providing pain relief for various surgeries. This bib...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 3, 2025 at 12:58 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🧠💉 Propofol vs inhalational anaesthetics in neurosurgery:
✅ Both effective for brain relaxation
✅ Propofol may be superior in some cases
Systematic review & network meta-analysis 👉 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800708/
#IJA #Neuroanaesthesia #BrainRelaxation
Comparison of propofol and inhalational anaesthetics for brain relaxation in neurosurgery: A systematic review and network meta-analysis - PubMed
Although all anaesthetic agents had similar effects, propofol showed a tendency towards better brain relaxation during neurosurgery. Further robust evidence is required to confirm the potential advant...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 3, 2025 at 12:58 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
🧒💉 ESPB vs Caudal Block in paediatric surgery:
✅ ESPB provides comparable/superior analgesia
✅ Less need for rescue meds
✅ Safe & effective alternative
Systematic Review & Meta-analysis 👉 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800701/
#IJA #RegionalAnaesthesia
Efficacy of erector spinae plane block versus caudal block for postoperative analgesia in paediatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
We conclude that ESPB provides better postoperative analgesia than CB in children undergoing lower abdominal or lower limb surgeries. ESPB reduces postoperative pain intensity scores and analgesic req...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 3, 2025 at 12:58 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
💉 IV lignocaine reduces haemodynamic surges during laryngoscopy & intubation.
✅ Better stability under GA
✅ Useful in high-risk patients
Systematic review & meta-analysis 👉 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800699/
#IJA #AirwayManagement #Anaesthesia
________________________________________
Effects of intravenous lignocaine on haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in adults under general anaesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
IV lignocaine 1-2 mg/kg can effectively suppress the increase in MAP caused by laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. However, the effectiveness of lignocaine regarding HR seems to require optimisation...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 3, 2025 at 12:58 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
📢 Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
Precision Medicine & the Expanding Perioperative Role of Anaesthesiologists 🎯🩺
✅ Personalised perioperative care
✅ Improved outcomes & recovery
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800698/
#IJA #Indian_J_Anaesth
Precision medicine and the expanding perioperative role by Anaesthesiologists - PubMed
Precision medicine and the expanding perioperative role by Anaesthesiologists
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 3, 2025 at 12:58 AM
rakeshgarg.bsky.social
📢 Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
ESPB vs Caudal Block for Paediatric Surgery Analgesia 🧒💉
✅ ESPB = comparable/superior analgesia
✅ Less rescue medication needed
✅ Safe & effective alternative
🔗 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40800701/
#IJA #Indian_J_Anaesth
Efficacy of erector spinae plane block versus caudal block for postoperative analgesia in paediatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
We conclude that ESPB provides better postoperative analgesia than CB in children undergoing lower abdominal or lower limb surgeries. ESPB reduces postoperative pain intensity scores and analgesic req...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 2, 2025 at 5:14 PM