Protected Planet
@protectedplanet.bsky.social
Official account of the Protected Planet Initiative - The authoritative data source on protected and conserved areas. @unepwcmc.bsky.social
The latest coverage statistics can be found at: http://protectedplanet.net
The latest coverage statistics can be found at: http://protectedplanet.net
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Introducing the WDPCA
Exciting changes are coming to Protected Planet in November, including a bringing together and rebrand of our flagship databases into the World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas.
www.protectedplanet.net
#ProtectedPlanet is evolving!🌍
We're merging the WDPA & WD-OECM into the new World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas ( #WDPCA ). This simplifies reporting & boosts our ability to track KMGBF Target 3 (30% effective conservation by 2030).
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
We're merging the WDPA & WD-OECM into the new World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas ( #WDPCA ). This simplifies reporting & boosts our ability to track KMGBF Target 3 (30% effective conservation by 2030).
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
Big #Conservation news for #SouthAfrica!
#CapeNature has declared a 7,050ha 'Lettas Kraal Nature Reserve' in the Succulent Karoo.
The success of the #ProtectedArea will conserve over 800 plant species, and the critically endangered riverine rabbit.
iol.co.za/capeargus/ne...
#CapeNature has declared a 7,050ha 'Lettas Kraal Nature Reserve' in the Succulent Karoo.
The success of the #ProtectedArea will conserve over 800 plant species, and the critically endangered riverine rabbit.
iol.co.za/capeargus/ne...
Western Cape expands protected area network with Lettas Kraal Nature Reserve
CapeNature announces the formal declaration of Lettas Kraal Nature Reserve, enhancing the Western Cape's Protected Area Estate and supporting biodiversity conservation efforts.
iol.co.za
November 11, 2025 at 5:04 PM
Big #Conservation news for #SouthAfrica!
#CapeNature has declared a 7,050ha 'Lettas Kraal Nature Reserve' in the Succulent Karoo.
The success of the #ProtectedArea will conserve over 800 plant species, and the critically endangered riverine rabbit.
iol.co.za/capeargus/ne...
#CapeNature has declared a 7,050ha 'Lettas Kraal Nature Reserve' in the Succulent Karoo.
The success of the #ProtectedArea will conserve over 800 plant species, and the critically endangered riverine rabbit.
iol.co.za/capeargus/ne...
Reposted by Protected Planet
🚨With contributions & advice of ICCA networks of territories & areas conserved by #IndigenousPeoples & #localcommunities from Colombia, Ecuador, Senegal, Morocco, & Spain, our experts have co-created a guide on how to set up their peer-review and peer-support processes.
🔗 tinyurl.com/4anwbstf
🔗 tinyurl.com/4anwbstf
November 4, 2025 at 11:15 AM
🚨With contributions & advice of ICCA networks of territories & areas conserved by #IndigenousPeoples & #localcommunities from Colombia, Ecuador, Senegal, Morocco, & Spain, our experts have co-created a guide on how to set up their peer-review and peer-support processes.
🔗 tinyurl.com/4anwbstf
🔗 tinyurl.com/4anwbstf
🌍 #ProtectedPlanet November 2025 Update:
#WDPCA: is 310,367, including 303,773 #ProtectedAreas, covering 244 countries & territories and 6,594 #OECMs covering 16 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
#WDPCA: is 310,367, including 303,773 #ProtectedAreas, covering 244 countries & territories and 6,594 #OECMs covering 16 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
November 3, 2025 at 2:57 PM
🌍 #ProtectedPlanet November 2025 Update:
#WDPCA: is 310,367, including 303,773 #ProtectedAreas, covering 244 countries & territories and 6,594 #OECMs covering 16 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
#WDPCA: is 310,367, including 303,773 #ProtectedAreas, covering 244 countries & territories and 6,594 #OECMs covering 16 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
#Portugal is accelerating its goal to protect 30% of its #MarineProtectedArea coverage, with the creation of the Madeira-Tore and Gorringe Bank Marine Nature Reserve.
This massive 2️⃣0️⃣0️⃣,0️⃣0️⃣0️⃣km reserve is a HUGE win for biodiversity.
Read More:⤵️
www.travelandtourworld.com/news/article...
This massive 2️⃣0️⃣0️⃣,0️⃣0️⃣0️⃣km reserve is a HUGE win for biodiversity.
Read More:⤵️
www.travelandtourworld.com/news/article...
Portugal Now Expands Marine Conservation with Madeira-Tore and Gorringe Bank Marine Nature Reserve - Travel And Tour World
Portugal aims to reach 30% marine protected areas by 2026 with the creation of the Madeira-Tore and Gorringe Bank Marine Nature Reserve, enhancing sustainability
www.travelandtourworld.com
October 29, 2025 at 2:59 PM
#Portugal is accelerating its goal to protect 30% of its #MarineProtectedArea coverage, with the creation of the Madeira-Tore and Gorringe Bank Marine Nature Reserve.
This massive 2️⃣0️⃣0️⃣,0️⃣0️⃣0️⃣km reserve is a HUGE win for biodiversity.
Read More:⤵️
www.travelandtourworld.com/news/article...
This massive 2️⃣0️⃣0️⃣,0️⃣0️⃣0️⃣km reserve is a HUGE win for biodiversity.
Read More:⤵️
www.travelandtourworld.com/news/article...
🦈Thrilling news from the #SipawayIsland #MPA:
Researchers confirmed the sighting of rare Thresher Sharks in the area's shallow waters. This incredible discovery has proven that decades of conservation efforts have resulted in a thriving marine ecosystem
cebudailynews.inquirer.net/665382/thres...
Researchers confirmed the sighting of rare Thresher Sharks in the area's shallow waters. This incredible discovery has proven that decades of conservation efforts have resulted in a thriving marine ecosystem
cebudailynews.inquirer.net/665382/thres...
Thresher sharks spotted off Negros Occidental
Thresher sharks were spotted by a diving team at the Sipaway Island Marine Protected Area (MPA) in San Carlos City, Negros Occidental.
cebudailynews.inquirer.net
October 28, 2025 at 9:49 AM
🦈Thrilling news from the #SipawayIsland #MPA:
Researchers confirmed the sighting of rare Thresher Sharks in the area's shallow waters. This incredible discovery has proven that decades of conservation efforts have resulted in a thriving marine ecosystem
cebudailynews.inquirer.net/665382/thres...
Researchers confirmed the sighting of rare Thresher Sharks in the area's shallow waters. This incredible discovery has proven that decades of conservation efforts have resulted in a thriving marine ecosystem
cebudailynews.inquirer.net/665382/thres...
🪸Study shows Fiji coral reefs recovered rapidly from acute disturbance (Cat 5 Cyclone): sites losing up to 91% cover achieved near-baseline health in 4 years.
🪸Recovery hinged on strong ecological factors & key data for adaptive coral reef management.
newsroom.wcs.org/News-Release...
🪸Recovery hinged on strong ecological factors & key data for adaptive coral reef management.
newsroom.wcs.org/News-Release...
Fiji’s Coral Reefs Show Remarkable Recovery After Category 5 Cyclone
SUVA, FIJI, October 21, 2025 - A new study led by WCS, University of the South Pacific, and partners has found that coral reefs in Fiji showed remarkable resilience after being battered by Category 5 ...
newsroom.wcs.org
October 27, 2025 at 2:18 PM
🪸Study shows Fiji coral reefs recovered rapidly from acute disturbance (Cat 5 Cyclone): sites losing up to 91% cover achieved near-baseline health in 4 years.
🪸Recovery hinged on strong ecological factors & key data for adaptive coral reef management.
newsroom.wcs.org/News-Release...
🪸Recovery hinged on strong ecological factors & key data for adaptive coral reef management.
newsroom.wcs.org/News-Release...
It's #InternationalSnowLeopardDay! 🐾
These majestic cats are vital to Asia's high-altitude ecosystems, but they remain a vulnerable species.
Today, we highlight the urgent need for international cooperation to protect the snow leopard and its fragile mountain home from poaching and climate change.
These majestic cats are vital to Asia's high-altitude ecosystems, but they remain a vulnerable species.
Today, we highlight the urgent need for international cooperation to protect the snow leopard and its fragile mountain home from poaching and climate change.
The recent Himachal Pradesh #SnowLeopard assessment confirms a robust population of 83 individuals, a testament to effective conservation efforts. This success story proves the critical importance of #ProtectedAreas for the survival of this keystone species:
www.counterview.net/2025/10/83-s...
www.counterview.net/2025/10/83-s...
83 snow leopards and rare species discovered in Himachal’s trans-Himalayas
News & Views from Alternative Quarters
www.counterview.net
October 23, 2025 at 8:15 AM
It's #InternationalSnowLeopardDay! 🐾
These majestic cats are vital to Asia's high-altitude ecosystems, but they remain a vulnerable species.
Today, we highlight the urgent need for international cooperation to protect the snow leopard and its fragile mountain home from poaching and climate change.
These majestic cats are vital to Asia's high-altitude ecosystems, but they remain a vulnerable species.
Today, we highlight the urgent need for international cooperation to protect the snow leopard and its fragile mountain home from poaching and climate change.
🦧 Scientists have discovered a new cluster of the Critically Endangered Tapanuli #Orangutan in a remote peat swamp. While vital for conservation, this small population is isolated & unprotected, demanding immediate habitat defence. #ProtectedAreas #Conservation
news.mongabay.com/2025/10/tapa...
news.mongabay.com/2025/10/tapa...
New cluster of Tapanuli orangutans discovered in Sumatra peat swamp
CENTRAL TAPANULI, Indonesia — Since it was first described by scientists in 2017, the Tapanuli orangutan, one of the world’s rarest great apes, was believed to live only in the Batang Toru forest of I...
news.mongabay.com
October 22, 2025 at 9:20 AM
🦧 Scientists have discovered a new cluster of the Critically Endangered Tapanuli #Orangutan in a remote peat swamp. While vital for conservation, this small population is isolated & unprotected, demanding immediate habitat defence. #ProtectedAreas #Conservation
news.mongabay.com/2025/10/tapa...
news.mongabay.com/2025/10/tapa...
The recent Himachal Pradesh #SnowLeopard assessment confirms a robust population of 83 individuals, a testament to effective conservation efforts. This success story proves the critical importance of #ProtectedAreas for the survival of this keystone species:
www.counterview.net/2025/10/83-s...
www.counterview.net/2025/10/83-s...
83 snow leopards and rare species discovered in Himachal’s trans-Himalayas
News & Views from Alternative Quarters
www.counterview.net
October 21, 2025 at 8:45 AM
The recent Himachal Pradesh #SnowLeopard assessment confirms a robust population of 83 individuals, a testament to effective conservation efforts. This success story proves the critical importance of #ProtectedAreas for the survival of this keystone species:
www.counterview.net/2025/10/83-s...
www.counterview.net/2025/10/83-s...
It's #SaveTheKiwiWeek - Survival for New Zealand's iconic #Kiwi heavily relies on #ProtectedAreas! Outside of predator-controlled sanctuaries, only 5% of chicks survive. PAs and fenced zones are essential life support, boosting survival rates to ~65%!
@savethekiwi.bsky.social
@savethekiwi.bsky.social
October 15, 2025 at 8:39 AM
It's #SaveTheKiwiWeek - Survival for New Zealand's iconic #Kiwi heavily relies on #ProtectedAreas! Outside of predator-controlled sanctuaries, only 5% of chicks survive. PAs and fenced zones are essential life support, boosting survival rates to ~65%!
@savethekiwi.bsky.social
@savethekiwi.bsky.social
#ProtectedPlanet is evolving!🌍
We're merging the WDPA & WD-OECM into the new World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas ( #WDPCA ). This simplifies reporting & boosts our ability to track KMGBF Target 3 (30% effective conservation by 2030).
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
We're merging the WDPA & WD-OECM into the new World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas ( #WDPCA ). This simplifies reporting & boosts our ability to track KMGBF Target 3 (30% effective conservation by 2030).
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
Introducing the WDPCA
Exciting changes are coming to Protected Planet in November, including a bringing together and rebrand of our flagship databases into the World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas.
www.protectedplanet.net
October 14, 2025 at 8:22 AM
#ProtectedPlanet is evolving!🌍
We're merging the WDPA & WD-OECM into the new World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas ( #WDPCA ). This simplifies reporting & boosts our ability to track KMGBF Target 3 (30% effective conservation by 2030).
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
We're merging the WDPA & WD-OECM into the new World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas ( #WDPCA ). This simplifies reporting & boosts our ability to track KMGBF Target 3 (30% effective conservation by 2030).
Read More: ⤵️
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
🌍#ProtectedPlanet October 2025 Update:
WDPA: is 305,645 (303,770 #ProtectedAreas), covering 244 countries & territories.
WD-OECM: is 6,631 (6,594 #OECMs), covering 15 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
WDPA: is 305,645 (303,770 #ProtectedAreas), covering 244 countries & territories.
WD-OECM: is 6,631 (6,594 #OECMs), covering 15 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
October 8, 2025 at 3:52 PM
🌍#ProtectedPlanet October 2025 Update:
WDPA: is 305,645 (303,770 #ProtectedAreas), covering 244 countries & territories.
WD-OECM: is 6,631 (6,594 #OECMs), covering 15 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
WDPA: is 305,645 (303,770 #ProtectedAreas), covering 244 countries & territories.
WD-OECM: is 6,631 (6,594 #OECMs), covering 15 countries & territories.
GD-PAME: No new #PAME records were added.
Read More: ⤵
www.protectedplanet.net/en/monthly-r...
Happy International #OctopusDay! 🐙 These highly intelligent ocean predators are critical to marine health. Protecting their habitats by supporting #MPAs and #OECMs is essential to securing their underwater home and their future. #OceanScience
📸 - @livescience.com
📸 - @livescience.com
October 8, 2025 at 3:45 PM
Happy International #OctopusDay! 🐙 These highly intelligent ocean predators are critical to marine health. Protecting their habitats by supporting #MPAs and #OECMs is essential to securing their underwater home and their future. #OceanScience
📸 - @livescience.com
📸 - @livescience.com
New species alert! 🦎 Scientists discovered the Sakaerat bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus sakaeratensis) in Thailand's #UNESCO Sakaerat #BiosphereReserve. This find underscores the critical role #ProtectedAreas play as hidden sanctuaries for unique life:
www.earth.com/news/new-spe...
www.earth.com/news/new-spe...
New species of gecko with curved fingers discovered in a dense forest
Scientists discover a new species of gecko, Cyrtodactylus sakaeratensis, in the Sakaerat reserve, Thailand, confirmed by genetic analysis.
www.earth.com
October 7, 2025 at 2:57 PM
New species alert! 🦎 Scientists discovered the Sakaerat bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus sakaeratensis) in Thailand's #UNESCO Sakaerat #BiosphereReserve. This find underscores the critical role #ProtectedAreas play as hidden sanctuaries for unique life:
www.earth.com/news/new-spe...
www.earth.com/news/new-spe...
#Greece is making waves in marine conservation, demonstrating that protecting the #Ocean can be an effective strategy for boosting a national economy.
Anchored by two major commitments: the expansion of #MPAs & the ratification of the #GlobalOceanTreaty:
greekcitytimes.com/2025/10/06/g...
Anchored by two major commitments: the expansion of #MPAs & the ratification of the #GlobalOceanTreaty:
greekcitytimes.com/2025/10/06/g...
October 6, 2025 at 2:45 PM
#Greece is making waves in marine conservation, demonstrating that protecting the #Ocean can be an effective strategy for boosting a national economy.
Anchored by two major commitments: the expansion of #MPAs & the ratification of the #GlobalOceanTreaty:
greekcitytimes.com/2025/10/06/g...
Anchored by two major commitments: the expansion of #MPAs & the ratification of the #GlobalOceanTreaty:
greekcitytimes.com/2025/10/06/g...
Amazing! 🙌 In the #Amazon, local communities are driving huge conservation wins. Protecting lakes means 86 acres of surrounding forest benefits for every 1 acre patrolled. True #OECMs, demonstrating the power of local empowerment! #CommunityConservation
www.earth.com/news/how-loc...
www.earth.com/news/how-loc...
When local communities manage protected Amazon rainforest areas, good things happen
Local patrols in the Amazon are leading a conservation success story, protecting forests and wildlife against growing threats.
www.earth.com
October 3, 2025 at 9:14 AM
Amazing! 🙌 In the #Amazon, local communities are driving huge conservation wins. Protecting lakes means 86 acres of surrounding forest benefits for every 1 acre patrolled. True #OECMs, demonstrating the power of local empowerment! #CommunityConservation
www.earth.com/news/how-loc...
www.earth.com/news/how-loc...
A truly sad day 💚 #ThankyouDrJane, for everything you have done for chimpanzee research and for inspiring others to protect wildlife through The Jane Goodall Institute UK.
October 2, 2025 at 9:04 AM
A truly sad day 💚 #ThankyouDrJane, for everything you have done for chimpanzee research and for inspiring others to protect wildlife through The Jane Goodall Institute UK.
Launch of New Guidance for Reporting Effectiveness Data to #ProtectedPlanet 📔
The GD-PAME has now been expanded to store information on assessment results, collating data gathered through a range of effectiveness assessment tools at the national & site level
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
The GD-PAME has now been expanded to store information on assessment results, collating data gathered through a range of effectiveness assessment tools at the national & site level
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
October 1, 2025 at 9:42 AM
Launch of New Guidance for Reporting Effectiveness Data to #ProtectedPlanet 📔
The GD-PAME has now been expanded to store information on assessment results, collating data gathered through a range of effectiveness assessment tools at the national & site level
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
The GD-PAME has now been expanded to store information on assessment results, collating data gathered through a range of effectiveness assessment tools at the national & site level
www.protectedplanet.net/en/news-and-...
Historic commitment! #Suriname just pledged to protect 90% of its #Amazon rainforest forever. As a global carbon sink, this move sets a new standard for #conservation, tying forest protection to a new, nature-powered economy. #ClimateAction #ProtectedArea
www.rainforesttrust.org/our-impact/r...
www.rainforesttrust.org/our-impact/r...
Suriname pledges to permanently protect 90% of its forests, far exceeding the 30x30 global goal for climate and biodiversity protection – Rainforest Trust
Suriname pledges to permanently protect 90% of its forests, a significant commitment for global climate action and biodiversity.
www.rainforesttrust.org
September 30, 2025 at 9:58 AM
Historic commitment! #Suriname just pledged to protect 90% of its #Amazon rainforest forever. As a global carbon sink, this move sets a new standard for #conservation, tying forest protection to a new, nature-powered economy. #ClimateAction #ProtectedArea
www.rainforesttrust.org/our-impact/r...
www.rainforesttrust.org/our-impact/r...
Counting Kings: 🦁 Scientists are using Spatially Explicit Capture–Recapture (SECR) to count lions, an apex predator & keystone species. This data provides a clear signal for the health of Africa's #ProtectedAreaEffectiveness.
Read More Here: ⤵️
news.mongabay.com/2025/09/coun...
Read More Here: ⤵️
news.mongabay.com/2025/09/coun...
Counting kings: How annual lion surveys reveal the health of Africa’s protected areas
On a dawn drive through a savannah reserve in Zambia, a ranger slows the truck and points to a faint trail in the dust. It is not the spoor of an antelope or a stray cow. It is the print of a lioness ...
news.mongabay.com
September 29, 2025 at 11:17 AM
Counting Kings: 🦁 Scientists are using Spatially Explicit Capture–Recapture (SECR) to count lions, an apex predator & keystone species. This data provides a clear signal for the health of Africa's #ProtectedAreaEffectiveness.
Read More Here: ⤵️
news.mongabay.com/2025/09/coun...
Read More Here: ⤵️
news.mongabay.com/2025/09/coun...
#Vietnam's Côn Đảo National Park is now an #IUCNGreenList site! A major win for conservation, recognising the park's world-class efforts in protecting marine ecosystems and endangered species - A model for sustainable development. #ProtectedAreas #IUCN #GreenList
vietnamnews.vn/life-style/1...
vietnamnews.vn/life-style/1...
Côn Đảo National Park admitted to IUCN Green List until 2030
This is not only a recognition but also a testament to the efforts to fulfill commitments to biodiversity conservation.
vietnamnews.vn
September 25, 2025 at 2:40 PM
#Vietnam's Côn Đảo National Park is now an #IUCNGreenList site! A major win for conservation, recognising the park's world-class efforts in protecting marine ecosystems and endangered species - A model for sustainable development. #ProtectedAreas #IUCN #GreenList
vietnamnews.vn/life-style/1...
vietnamnews.vn/life-style/1...
📢Join us for a Conservation Pathways online training on how Target 3 of the Global Biodiversity Framework can become an opportunity to advance the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities.
September 24, 2025 at 12:21 PM
📢Join us for a Conservation Pathways online training on how Target 3 of the Global Biodiversity Framework can become an opportunity to advance the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities.
In a landmark achievement, the #HighSeasTreaty is on track to enter into force in Jan 2026, thanks to 61 countries including #Morocco & #SierraLeone. It's a lifeline for the 2/3 of the ocean beyond national boundaries, bringing us closer to global biodiversity targets:
news.un.org/en/story/202....
news.un.org/en/story/202....
UN ‘high seas’ treaty clears ratification threshold, to enter into force in January
A landmark UN treaty to safeguard marine biodiversity on the high seas has now met the required 60 ratifications for entry into force, clearing the way for it to take effect in January 2026.
news.un.org
September 23, 2025 at 8:34 AM
In a landmark achievement, the #HighSeasTreaty is on track to enter into force in Jan 2026, thanks to 61 countries including #Morocco & #SierraLeone. It's a lifeline for the 2/3 of the ocean beyond national boundaries, bringing us closer to global biodiversity targets:
news.un.org/en/story/202....
news.un.org/en/story/202....
#Kazakhstan is making major strides in conservation and is set to expand its #ProtectedAreas to 34 million hectares by 2035, becoming the first in Central Asia to pilot #OECMs. These efforts will help conserve nearly 30% of its territory:
astanatimes.com/2025/09/kaza...
astanatimes.com/2025/09/kaza...
Kazakhstan Plans to Expand Protected Areas to 34 Million Hectares by 2035 - The Astana Times
Kazakhstan Plans to Expand Protected Areas to 34 Million Hectares by 2035
astanatimes.com
September 18, 2025 at 11:02 AM
#Kazakhstan is making major strides in conservation and is set to expand its #ProtectedAreas to 34 million hectares by 2035, becoming the first in Central Asia to pilot #OECMs. These efforts will help conserve nearly 30% of its territory:
astanatimes.com/2025/09/kaza...
astanatimes.com/2025/09/kaza...
The #Philippines has designated Mt Masaraga as a #ProtectedArea under the National Integrated Protected Areas System. This 1,328m elevation biodiversity hotspot serves as a vital watershed for the Bicol River Basin & the protection of Raflessia species:
www.manilatimes.net/2025/09/12/r...
www.manilatimes.net/2025/09/12/r...
September 15, 2025 at 8:25 AM
The #Philippines has designated Mt Masaraga as a #ProtectedArea under the National Integrated Protected Areas System. This 1,328m elevation biodiversity hotspot serves as a vital watershed for the Bicol River Basin & the protection of Raflessia species:
www.manilatimes.net/2025/09/12/r...
www.manilatimes.net/2025/09/12/r...