The restore diet increased beneficial bacterial metabolites in the blood (e.g. Indole-3-propionic acid). Several improvements in cardiometabolic markers could be accurately predicted by baseline and diet-responsive #microbiome features.

Restore diet redressed #microbiome features altered by industrialization:
↑ Carbohydrate fermentation (SCFAs)
↓ proteolytic fermentation (BCFAs)
↓pro-inflammatory bacteria (e.g. Bilophila)
↑ CAZymes targeted toward plant carbohydrates at expense of those targeting mucus

In this highly controlled randomized feeding study, we tested a #microbiome restoration strategy comprised of a non-industrialized-type #diet and a bacterium rarely found in industrialized microbiomes (Limosilactobacillus reuteri).

The #diet (referred to as restore diet in the paper) was inspired by findings from a previous study on the gut #microbiome in rural Papua New Guinea. The restore diet was primarily plant-based and very high in dietary fiber (~45 grams daily).

doi.org/10.1016/j.ce...