Graham Greenleaf
@grahamgreenleaf.bsky.social
Australian academic in law & infotech. Honorary Professor Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Co-Founder and Senior Researcher, AustLII. Details at https://www2.austlii.edu.au/~graham/
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
"Munich regional court sided in favour of Germany’s music rights society GEMA, which said ChatGPT had harvested protected lyrics by popular artists to “learn” from them" Paying for the lack of respect and permission
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
ChatGPT violated copyright law by ‘learning’ from song lyrics, German court rules
OpenAI ordered to pay undisclosed damages for training its language models on artists’ work without permission
www.theguardian.com
November 16, 2025 at 4:32 AM
"Munich regional court sided in favour of Germany’s music rights society GEMA, which said ChatGPT had harvested protected lyrics by popular artists to “learn” from them" Paying for the lack of respect and permission
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
In January 2025 Djibouti in the Horn of Africa became the 174th country to enact a data privacy law: the Digital Code / Code Numerique covers data privacy as well as other e-commerce & cybersecurity topics www.journalofficiel.dj/texte-juridi... Thanks Dave Banisar @dbanisar.bsky.social
Loi n° 019/AN/23/9ème L Portant Code Numérique - eJO
Article 1 : Le Code du Numérique est adopté. Article 2 : La présente Loi sera publiée au Journal Officiel dès sa signature. Fait à Djibouti, le 06 Juillet 2025
www.journalofficiel.dj
November 6, 2025 at 11:33 PM
In January 2025 Djibouti in the Horn of Africa became the 174th country to enact a data privacy law: the Digital Code / Code Numerique covers data privacy as well as other e-commerce & cybersecurity topics www.journalofficiel.dj/texte-juridi... Thanks Dave Banisar @dbanisar.bsky.social
Were you on Facebook 10 years ago? papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... Meta is paying A$50M - largest ever Australian privacy breach settlement. But the clock is ticking, until only 31/12/25. Who's eligible; how to make a claim; how much the eventual payout might be: here's what you need to know.
Were you on Facebook 10 years ago? You may be able to claim part of this $50 million payout
Right now, more than 311,000 Australian Facebook users can apply for a slice of a A$50 million compensation fund from tech giant Meta-the largest ever payment f
papers.ssrn.com
October 29, 2025 at 10:25 AM
Were you on Facebook 10 years ago? papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... Meta is paying A$50M - largest ever Australian privacy breach settlement. But the clock is ticking, until only 31/12/25. Who's eligible; how to make a claim; how much the eventual payout might be: here's what you need to know.
2025 marks the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). An article by its co-founders/directors Mowbray, Chung & Greenleaf in the Australian Law Journals discusses its history: papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
AustLII – 30 Years of Free Access to Law
2025 marks the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). AustLII has revolutionised access to law in Australia
papers.ssrn.com
October 15, 2025 at 8:25 AM
2025 marks the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). An article by its co-founders/directors Mowbray, Chung & Greenleaf in the Australian Law Journals discusses its history: papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
Gambia's National Assembly passed the Personal Data Protection and Privacy Bill, 2025 on 29 September, 2025. This makes Gambia the 173rd country to enact a data privacy law. It requires Presidential assent. For the other 172 see papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
172 Countries with Data Privacy Laws -Year by Year 1973-2025
<p>For the past 52 years, since 1973 when Sweden enacted the first national data privacy law, countries around the world have enacted new data privacy laws at a
papers.ssrn.com
October 12, 2025 at 1:11 AM
Gambia's National Assembly passed the Personal Data Protection and Privacy Bill, 2025 on 29 September, 2025. This makes Gambia the 173rd country to enact a data privacy law. It requires Presidential assent. For the other 172 see papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
My article on Malaysia's complex new guidelines on cross-border data transfers is at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... . Still a poor law after 2024 reforms, but definitely improving.
Malaysia's complex new guidelines on cross-border data transfers
<p>Malaysia’s <i>Personal Data Protection Act</i> (PDPA) was one of the earliest enacted in Asia, but not brought into force until 2013. In 2024 it underwent it
papers.ssrn.com
October 9, 2025 at 11:07 AM
My article on Malaysia's complex new guidelines on cross-border data transfers is at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... . Still a poor law after 2024 reforms, but definitely improving.
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
The real reason Disney restored Kimmel's late-night show? We, the people, have extraordinary power. Let me explain. https://robertreich.substack.com/p/the-deeper-story-behind-americas
The deeper story behind America's pending loss of free speech
The real reason Disney restored Kimmel's late-night show
robertreich.substack.com
September 23, 2025 at 1:31 AM
The real reason Disney restored Kimmel's late-night show? We, the people, have extraordinary power. Let me explain. https://robertreich.substack.com/p/the-deeper-story-behind-americas
AustLII www.austlii.edu.au (1995 - ) and the other LIIs in the Free Access to Law Movement still stick to the ideals of the 90s, survive and sometimes thrive.
September 22, 2025 at 10:27 AM
AustLII www.austlii.edu.au (1995 - ) and the other LIIs in the Free Access to Law Movement still stick to the ideals of the 90s, survive and sometimes thrive.
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
David Pope captures it beautifully.
September 17, 2025 at 1:27 PM
David Pope captures it beautifully.
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
Data flows and digital repression: Civil society urges EU to reassess Israel’s adequacy status
edri.org/our-work/dat...
edri.org/our-work/dat...
Civil society urges EU to reassess Israel’s adequacy status - European Digital Rights (EDRi)
The letter urges the European Commission to reassess Israel’s data protection adequacy status under the GDPR.
edri.org
June 25, 2025 at 7:48 AM
Data flows and digital repression: Civil society urges EU to reassess Israel’s adequacy status
edri.org/our-work/dat...
edri.org/our-work/dat...
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
Sending troops into US cities against their will.
Strong-arming corporations and extracting gifts in exchange for tariff exemptions.
Calling on state governments to gerrymander in his favor.
Trump is the "big government" nightmare conservatives have always warned us about.
Strong-arming corporations and extracting gifts in exchange for tariff exemptions.
Calling on state governments to gerrymander in his favor.
Trump is the "big government" nightmare conservatives have always warned us about.
August 25, 2025 at 5:18 PM
Sending troops into US cities against their will.
Strong-arming corporations and extracting gifts in exchange for tariff exemptions.
Calling on state governments to gerrymander in his favor.
Trump is the "big government" nightmare conservatives have always warned us about.
Strong-arming corporations and extracting gifts in exchange for tariff exemptions.
Calling on state governments to gerrymander in his favor.
Trump is the "big government" nightmare conservatives have always warned us about.
Cambodia's Post & Telecoms Ministry has released a draft law on personal data protection in July 2025. Still no DPA, and relies on dozens of prakas (regs) being made. See my article on the 2023 Bill: papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.... May be better than nothing, but maybe not if there is no enforcement
Cambodia's Draft Data Privacy Law: Too Much is Left to Delegated Prakas
Cambodia is one of the last four of the eleven ASEAN countries that has not enacted a data privacy law. Cambodia’s Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (MPT
papers.ssrn.com
August 13, 2025 at 10:34 AM
Cambodia's Post & Telecoms Ministry has released a draft law on personal data protection in July 2025. Still no DPA, and relies on dozens of prakas (regs) being made. See my article on the 2023 Bill: papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.... May be better than nothing, but maybe not if there is no enforcement
Dave's map is accurate for the 166 'comprehensive' laws. Add laws restricted to either the private sector (Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, Bahrain, China, UAE, Vietnam, Qatar), or only the public sector (Yemen), & you get 172 countries with data privacy laws. See my papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
August 12, 2025 at 1:27 AM
Dave's map is accurate for the 166 'comprehensive' laws. Add laws restricted to either the private sector (Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, Bahrain, China, UAE, Vietnam, Qatar), or only the public sector (Yemen), & you get 172 countries with data privacy laws. See my papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
Same goes for GCC jurisidtions, such as the UAE (including that of DIFC, ADGM), KSA, Qatar, Oman etc
August 11, 2025 at 8:49 AM
Same goes for GCC jurisidtions, such as the UAE (including that of DIFC, ADGM), KSA, Qatar, Oman etc
This map is just ignorant concerning the many African and Latin American countries with data privacy laws, and under-estimates the influence of the GDPR elsewhere. 172 countries have such laws. Dave Banisar's map - see Post following - is much more accurate on the extent of countries with laws.
I don't buy that everyone who protects their citizens' data only does that because of the GDPR – among other things, many OECD countries had data protection laws since 1968. But this map is noteworthy for the countries featuring no GDPR "influence." cepa.org/comprehensiv...
August 12, 2025 at 1:01 AM
This map is just ignorant concerning the many African and Latin American countries with data privacy laws, and under-estimates the influence of the GDPR elsewhere. 172 countries have such laws. Dave Banisar's map - see Post following - is much more accurate on the extent of countries with laws.
Apology: correct URL is papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....
August 11, 2025 at 1:17 AM
Apology: correct URL is papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....
My article 'Global data privacy 2025: International agreements stall' at download.ssrn.com/2025/8/10/53... surveys 2023-24's hi-spots: EU adequacy slo-mo; 108+ non-ratification; Malabo Convention stuck at 16/55 AU; ECOWAS withdrawals; CBPRs as dead parrot; CPTPP with added Brexit; RCEP uber FTAs.
download.ssrn.com
August 10, 2025 at 11:40 AM
My article 'Global data privacy 2025: International agreements stall' at download.ssrn.com/2025/8/10/53... surveys 2023-24's hi-spots: EU adequacy slo-mo; 108+ non-ratification; Malabo Convention stuck at 16/55 AU; ECOWAS withdrawals; CBPRs as dead parrot; CPTPP with added Brexit; RCEP uber FTAs.
AustLII (www.austlii.edu.au) will host the 22nd Law Via Internet Conference (Nov 13-14, Sydney) lvi2025.org. 24 presenters are listed on a new Conference Program page lvi2025.org/program/. Further submissions of abstracts are open until 31 August lvi2025.org/callforpapers/. Registration is open.
August 10, 2025 at 2:25 AM
AustLII (www.austlii.edu.au) will host the 22nd Law Via Internet Conference (Nov 13-14, Sydney) lvi2025.org. 24 presenters are listed on a new Conference Program page lvi2025.org/program/. Further submissions of abstracts are open until 31 August lvi2025.org/callforpapers/. Registration is open.
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
BSA now supports comprehensive privacy laws, and is horrified by states adopting new (outrageous) laws that actually gives consumers some rights. So not really a good or even comprehensive law, or probably a law at all really. I’m feeling a certain sense of deja vu all over again.
July 30, 2025 at 7:15 PM
BSA now supports comprehensive privacy laws, and is horrified by states adopting new (outrageous) laws that actually gives consumers some rights. So not really a good or even comprehensive law, or probably a law at all really. I’m feeling a certain sense of deja vu all over again.
Reposted by Graham Greenleaf
Important hearing discussing need for comprehensive privacy protections in US just starting.
This afternoon, EPIC Executive Director Alan Butler (@alanindc.bsky.social) will testify before the Senate Judiciary Committee Hearing on the importance of strong federal data regulations to protect the privacy of American consumers.
➡️ Tune in at 2:30 pm ET: www.judiciary.senate.gov/committee-ac...
➡️ Tune in at 2:30 pm ET: www.judiciary.senate.gov/committee-ac...
TIME CHANGE: Protecting the Virtual You: Safeguarding Americans' Online Data | United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary
United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary
www.judiciary.senate.gov
July 30, 2025 at 7:01 PM
Important hearing discussing need for comprehensive privacy protections in US just starting.
172 countries have now enacted data privacy laws by, 12 new in 2023/24 (+ Brunei in 2025). At the current growth rate of 5.2 p/a, they could be universal in 8 years, but some (N.Korea?) will resist. GDPR influence still dominates. My paper analysing the changes is at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
Global Data Privacy Laws 2025: 172 Countries, Twelve New in 2023/24
This biennial global assessment is the 9th in this publication since 2011. Each assessment has been accompanied by detailed tables listing key features of all t
papers.ssrn.com
June 7, 2025 at 3:52 AM
172 countries have now enacted data privacy laws by, 12 new in 2023/24 (+ Brunei in 2025). At the current growth rate of 5.2 p/a, they could be universal in 8 years, but some (N.Korea?) will resist. GDPR influence still dominates. My paper analysing the changes is at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
AustLII is hosting the 2025 Law via Internet Conference (LVI 2025 lvi2025.org), 'Empowering a just society through legal information, policy, technology, & practice', in Sydney in November. The Call for Papers closes on 21 July & registration is now open. It will be beach weather - bring your togs!
lvi2025.org
June 5, 2025 at 1:02 AM
AustLII is hosting the 2025 Law via Internet Conference (LVI 2025 lvi2025.org), 'Empowering a just society through legal information, policy, technology, & practice', in Sydney in November. The Call for Papers closes on 21 July & registration is now open. It will be beach weather - bring your togs!
'Free Access to Law and Digital Court Decisions in Australia: Reflections and Future Directions', mainly about AustLII's contributions, is by Andrew Mowbray, Philip Chung and me, at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
Free Access to Law and Digital Court Decisions in Australia: Reflections and Future Directions
Digital copies of court decisions have become such an essential and assumed part of Australia's legal system that it is worth reflecting on how the present aros
papers.ssrn.com
June 5, 2025 at 12:46 AM
'Free Access to Law and Digital Court Decisions in Australia: Reflections and Future Directions', mainly about AustLII's contributions, is by Andrew Mowbray, Philip Chung and me, at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...
This is so fundamental: they are designed to tell you what they surmise you would expect to hear next. Not what is true. The two often coincide, but that is not a good place to start.
“Large language models do not distinguish between fact and fiction. … They are not, strictly speaking, designed to tell the truth. Yet they are implemented in many sectors where truth and detail matter”
www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2...
www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2...
AI is more persuasive than a human in a debate, study finds
When provided basic demographic information on their opponents, AI chatbots adapted their arguments and became more persuasive than humans in online debates.
www.washingtonpost.com
May 21, 2025 at 7:54 AM
This is so fundamental: they are designed to tell you what they surmise you would expect to hear next. Not what is true. The two often coincide, but that is not a good place to start.
5 more ratifications of 108+ required for it to come into force. Maybe this year.
Conv 108+ Ratification - Looking forward to the June update. Reading the latest minutes: 46 signatures
out of which, 33 ratifications. Greece 5 March 2025
and Monaco on 6 March 2025 Amending Protocol CETS No. 223 @grahamgreenleaf.bsky.social will it happen?
rm.coe.int/abrrep-63nd-... @coe.int
out of which, 33 ratifications. Greece 5 March 2025
and Monaco on 6 March 2025 Amending Protocol CETS No. 223 @grahamgreenleaf.bsky.social will it happen?
rm.coe.int/abrrep-63nd-... @coe.int
rm.coe.int
May 13, 2025 at 2:58 AM
5 more ratifications of 108+ required for it to come into force. Maybe this year.