Thousands of locally employed doctors—many of them international graduates and from ethnic minorities—are trapped in insecure NHS contracts with no access to training, career progression, or national ...

The impact of a positive fluid balance on morbidity and mortality has been well established. However, little is known about how to monitor fluid status and fluid overload. This narrative review summarises the recent literature and discusses the different parameters related to bio-electrical impedanc …

The presence of preload dependence, as assessed by a positive PLR test before starting RRT with fluid removal, predicts that RRT will induce haemodynamic intolerance.

Transpulmonary dilution cardiac output measurement techniques differ from dilutional techniques which use the pulmonary artery catheter. Cold fluid is poured into the venous circulation. It mixes with...

Objective Myocardial work (MW) is a novel non-invasive method using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) for assessing the left ventricular(LV) function. ...

Pulse wave analysis (PWA) allows estimation of cardiac output (CO) based on continuous analysis of the arterial blood pressure (AP) waveform. We describe the physiology of the AP waveform, basic princ...

In days gone by, people relied on the CVP as a simple means of predicting fluid responsiveness. But it turns out the CVP is really bad at predicting the patients' responsiveness to fluid challenges. T...