The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international treaty adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992 to tackle climate change.

The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (“World Heritage Convention”) was adopted by UNESCO’s General Conference in 1972. With 196 States Parties, it is today one of the most widely ratified multilateral treaties.

Indigenous Peoples in Uganda include former hunter-gatherer communities such as the Benet and the Batwa. They also include minority groups such as the Ik, and the Karamojong and Basongora pastoralists, who are not recognized specifically as Indigenous Peoples by the government.

As elsewhere in North Africa, the Indigenous population of Tunisia is formed of the Amazigh. There are no official statistics on their number in the country but Amazigh associations estimate there to be around 1 million Tamazight speakers, accounting for some 10% of the total population.

The treaty bodies are the committees of independent experts in charge of monitoring the implementation by state parties of the rights protected in international human rights treaties.

Indigenous Peoples have been engaging in relevant processes on sustainable development since the Earth Summit (Rio Conference) in 1992.

The Indigenous Navigator is an online portal providing access to a set of tools developed for and by Indigenous Peoples.

United Nations Climate funds are financial mechanisms established under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and related agreements to support so-called developing countries to mitigate climate change, adapt to its effects, and transition to low-carbon, climate-resilient economies.

The Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (EMRIP) is a subsidiary body of the Human Rights Council, composed of seven independent members each representing one of the seven Indigenous socio-cultural regions: Africa; Asia; the Arctic; Central and Eastern Europe, the Russian Federation, Central Asia, and Transcaucasia; Central and South America and the Caribbean; North America; and the Pacific.

The Indigenous Peoples of Thailand live mainly in three geographical regions of the country: Indigenous fisher communities (the Chao Ley) and small populations of hunter-gatherers in the south (Mani people); small groups on the Korat plateau of the north-east and east; and the many different highland peoples in the north and north-west of the country (previously known by the derogatory term “Chao-Khao,” or “hill tribes”). Nine so-called “hill tribes” are officially recognized: the Hmong, Karen,

Tanzania is estimated to have a total of 125-130 ethnic groups, falling mainly into the four categories of Bantu, Cushite, Nilo-Hamite and San. While there may be more ethnic groups that identify as Indigenous Peoples, four groups have been organizing themselves and their struggles around the concept and movement of Indigenous Peoples.

The officially recognized Indigenous population of Taiwan numbers 611,674 people, or 2.6% of the total population in 2024.

The Indigenous Peoples of Suriname number approximately 20,344 people, or 3.8% of the total population of 541,638 (census 2012).

The Khoikhoi and San peoples, collectively referred to as Khoe-San, make up approximately 1% of South Africa’s population of nearly 60 million.[1] These communities, rich in bio-cultural heritage, face enduring socio-economic challenges, including poverty, unemployment, and inadequate access to education, healthcare, and housing.