I've seen this article in today's Sonntagsfaz, HT @chrisbreu.bsky.social, that suggests there is no real evidence for the welfare magnet (except for "this one study from Princeton" :-)), but I did not find this particularly helpful with regard to my question.

zeitung.faz.net/fas/politik/...

Also dann hier auf deutsch, drüben englisch?

Danke. 🍀