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ceobs.org
Conflict and Environment Observatory
@ceobs.org
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CEOBS is a UK charity that provides a voice for our environment - and those who depend upon it - when it faces harm from armed conflicts and military activities. Our military and conflict greenhouse gas emissions project is @militaryemissions.org
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ceobs.org
Thank you Marianna!
November 27, 2025 at 12:53 PM
ceobs.org
The water index can also help pick out treatment pools at processing sites, changes at these sites reflect the conflict dynamics and territorial control. Our study just scratched the surface and Jonathan suggests several ways to expand the research and refine the methods. 4/4
A satellite image showing several desert compounds, each are gold facilities and within each there treatment ponds are picked out in blue, an inset graph shows that water area has declined during the conflict, these RSF aligned sites are in a SAF held area.
November 27, 2025 at 11:11 AM
ceobs.org
#Sudan is huge, with widely varying geology and multiple gold producing regions. We experimented with the Sentinel-2 water index and found this to be a useful fingerprint in areas with clay soils. 3/4
Figure showing detected mines in al Butana region; a satellite image and zoomed inset pick out a NNE-SSW trend of mines along a 23km seam.
November 27, 2025 at 11:11 AM
ceobs.org
Not only does #gold help finance the war in #Sudan, its production creates health and environmental risks, including through mercury and cyanide pollution. Documenting locations and trends is really important. 2/4
Around 50 men sit under a wooden frame, rigged for shade with material, they are listening to a speaker, a banner in Arabic sets out their demands. Six images showing the artisanal gold processing process, mercury and gold creates and amalgam, then the mercury is vapourised off and the gold left behind.
November 27, 2025 at 11:11 AM