The oxidation of organic molecules, such as fatty acids, in seawater microdroplets generated by breaking waves is an important source of secondary organic aerosols and impacts the global climate. While the oxidation of fatty acids in sea spray aerosols (SSAs) has traditionally been attributed to photochemical reactions, this study reports a spontaneous nonphotochemical oxidation mechanism that occurs in seawater microdroplets. Notably, we observed marked increases in the oxidation rate (3186- to 11093-fold) for the naturally abundant fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid, with the primary oxidation products being hydroxylated. Integrated computational simulations and mass spectrometry analyses of reaction paths and intermediates suggest that this rapid oxidation is triggered by the simultaneous accumulation of fatty acids and the spontaneous generation of hydroxy radicals (•OH) at the microdroplet water–air interface. Our study revealed an overlooked path of fatty acid oxidation, shedding light on organic carbon cycles at the ocean–atmosphere interface.

Abstract. Drought represents one of the most severe challenges faced by agriculture and leveraging resources to promote crop resilience is critical. The pl

Intermediate-volatility (IVOCs) and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) from light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) are major precursors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), yet their emission charact...

The genus Robinia, which belongs to the Fabaceae family, is a source of polyphenols and may be medicinally and pharmacologically effective against life-threatening diseases. This study investigated a...

Gentiana scabra Bunge (G. scabra), a perennial herb of Gentianaceae, has long been valued in East Asian medicine for its dried roots used to treat various ailments. However, root-based utilization al...

The multi-attribute method (MAM) by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry peptide mapping has the potential to replace multiple conventional HPLC- and capillary electrophoresis-based purity/impur...

Milk oligosaccharides (MOs) are involved in microbiota development and health in newborns. Given the physiological immaturity of rabbits at birth, we …

Artificial sweeteners (ASs), which serve as vital alternatives to sucrose, have been detected in agricultural soils and crops. However, knowledge gaps persist regarding their bioaccumulation in plants, which is vital for assessing ecosystem risks. This study examined saccharin (SAC) and acesulfame (ACE) absorption, translocation, and biotransformation in plants via hydroponic experiments. Inhibition studies revealed that root uptake is an active, energy-dependent process involving aquaporins and anion channels. Their hydrophilicity enabled upward movement to above-ground tissues through transpiration and storage in water-soluble cellular components. High-resolution mass spectrometry detected 11 metabolites, proposing potential degradation pathways and identifying, for the first time in plants, phase II metabolites undergoing methylation and glucuronide conjugation. Ecotoxicity predictions indicated that hydroxylated and methylated metabolites were more toxic. This study is the first to explore the mechanisms of AS accumulation and biotransformation in plants, providing deeper insights into their in-plant behavior.

This study systematically analyzed metabolite changes in quinoa after lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation and the hypoglycemic mechanism of key me…

Polyclonal antibodies represent nature's approach to robust immunity, targeting multiple sites on pathogens, but their complex mixtures have remained largely unsequenceable, limiting their therapeutic...

VX-150 is an orally prodrug that rapidly convert into the active metabolite (VX-150M), which is a highly selective NaV1.8 blocker. In this study, in vitro permeability, protein binding, metabolic sta....

Disulfide bonds are essential for the structural and functional integrity of therapeutic peptides and proteins (TPPs). However, accurately mapping disulfide bonds in TPPs remains challenging due to th...

In this work, single-event microwave-induced nitrogen plasma–mass spectrometry (single-event MINP-MS) was evaluated for the first time for the analysis of discrete entities such as nanoparticles, biol...

Untargeted metabolomics is a powerful approach for identifying small molecules from highly complex mixtures, such as biological tissues or environmental samples. This technology enables the relativel...

Abstract. The overwintering recovery of Microcystis aeruginosa represents a critical but underexplored phase in the seasonal development of cyanobacterial

Abstract. Thyroid hormones (TH) are highly iodinated molecules that regulate many aspects of mammalian physiology and are essential for normal growth and d

BackgroundFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and non-genetic hypercholesterolemia (HC) are both associated with elevated low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) leve...

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported the application of metabolomics in infectious diseases, but little is known about the potential function of bronchoa...

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory arthritis primarily affecting the axial skeleton, presents significant clinical challenges due to …

DNA methylation is the most common epigenetic modification in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Here we present a method based on highly efficient aci...

Introduction: The endocannabinoid system regulates numerous physiological functions, including the stress response, and is frequently implicated in stress-related disorders. Understanding how this sys...