Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 05 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01171-xEmerging evidence suggests that a better understanding of the heterogeneity in symptoms and survival among people with glioma requires a network-based approach. This Review describes three major types of network scaffolds relevant in glioma — symptom networks, the connectome and tumour biology networks — and explores the interactions between each scaffold.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 05 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01171-xEmerging evidence suggests that a better understanding of the heterogeneity in symptoms and survival among people with glioma requires a network-based approach. This Review describes three major types of network scaffolds relevant in glioma — symptom networks, the connectome and tumour biology networks — and explores the interactions between each scaffold.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 03 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01163-xCognitive impairment is one of a range of non-motor symptoms that people with Parkinson disease (PD) can experience in addition to the hallmark motor symptoms of the disease. In this Review, Oikonomou et al. outline the epidemiology and natural history of cognitive decline in PD and related disorders, and discuss the key underlying pathophysiological factors and mechanisms.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 28 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01162-yGrowing evidence indicates important roles for microglial phagocytosis in Alzheimer disease. This Review summarizes the latest insights into the mechanisms by which microglial phagocytosis can affect Alzheimer disease pathology and how this process might be harnessed for therapeutic interventions.

Akçimen et al. report the first systematic screening for intronic FGF14 GAA repeat expansions and their association with Parkinson's disease, using long-re

Improved understanding of the tumor ecosystem in glioblastoma is critical for developing new treatment strategies for the disease. Here, the authors identify pericytes as an active paracrine signaling...

PILRA is a therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease that regulates neuroinflammation and metabolism in microglia.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 03 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01163-xCognitive impairment is one of a range of non-motor symptoms that people with Parkinson disease (PD) can experience in addition to the hallmark motor symptoms of the disease. In this Review, Oikonomou et al. outline the epidemiology and natural history of cognitive decline in PD and related disorders, and discuss the key underlying pathophysiological factors and mechanisms.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 27 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01164-wMultiple sclerosis is among the most common causes of disability in the young and its prevention is a feasible, albeit ambitious, goal. In this Perspective, Dobson et al. discuss the challenges in developing and testing preventive interventions in MS and propose strategies and solutions.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 26 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01161-zRestless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements are increasingly recognized as risk factors for stroke and other cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and vice versa. This Review explores the shared pathophysiological mechanisms that could underly this bidirectional relationship.

Willard & Puglisi et al. used MRI and serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) to define two subtypes of multiple sclerosis, based on the timing of sNfL

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 25 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01170-yNature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with Victor Rivera from Baylor College of Medicine about his work to address disparities in multiple sclerosis care in Latin American and other populations.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 28 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01162-yGrowing evidence indicates important roles for microglial phagocytosis in Alzheimer disease. This Review summarizes the latest insights into the mechanisms by which microglial phagocytosis can affect Alzheimer disease pathology and how this process might be harnessed for therapeutic interventions.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 28 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01162-yGrowing evidence indicates important roles for microglial phagocytosis in Alzheimer disease. This Review summarizes the latest insights into the mechanisms by which microglial phagocytosis can affect Alzheimer disease pathology and how this process might be harnessed for therapeutic interventions.

Following regulatory approval of anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) therapies, a better characterization of patients receiving these treatments is needed to guide clinical management and inclusion in future tri...

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 27 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01164-wMultiple sclerosis is among the most common causes of disability in the young and its prevention is a feasible, albeit ambitious, goal. In this Perspective, Dobson et al. discuss the challenges in developing and testing preventive interventions in MS and propose strategies and solutions.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 26 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01161-zRestless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements are increasingly recognized as risk factors for stroke and other cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and vice versa. This Review explores the shared pathophysiological mechanisms that could underly this bidirectional relationship.

Nature Reviews Neurology - Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) shows considerable promise as a therapeutic strategy for neurological and psychiatric disorders. This Review explores the role of...

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 27 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01164-wMultiple sclerosis is among the most common causes of disability in the young and its prevention is a feasible, albeit ambitious, goal. In this Perspective, Dobson et al. discuss the challenges in developing and testing preventive interventions in MS and propose strategies and solutions.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 26 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01161-zRestless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements are increasingly recognized as risk factors for stroke and other cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and vice versa. This Review explores the shared pathophysiological mechanisms that could underly this bidirectional relationship.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 25 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01170-yNature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with Victor Rivera from Baylor College of Medicine about his work to address disparities in multiple sclerosis care in Latin American and other populations.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 25 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01170-yNature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with Victor Rivera from Baylor College of Medicine about his work to address disparities in multiple sclerosis care in Latin American and other populations.

INTRODUCTION Recent studies have identified important species-dependent differences in the response of microglia to β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology. Yet, whether human microglia also interact differently w...