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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 2d

7/ Some variants have also seen use as one-way attack munitions, with small warheads weighing a few kilograms located in the front compartment of the munition. This allows Gerbera variants to be employed in a limited strike role.

osmp.ngo/osmp1636/

osmp.ngo/osmp1639/

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 2d

6/ The DLE60 two-stroke petrol engine, seemingly produced by the Chinese company Mile Haoxiang Technology Co. Ltd, has also been found on the UAV. Ukrainian intelligence reported a maximum effective range of 600 km for the Gerbera

war-sanctions.gur.gov.ua/en/uav/329

osmp.ngo/osmp1647/

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 2d

5/ The airframe uses styrofoam and wood instead of fibreglass and composite materials seen in the Shahed series, while a fuel bladder (image 2) rather than a tank is used, reducing cost and weight to improve fuel efficiency.

osmp.ngo/osmp1641/

osmp.ngo/osmp1644/

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 2d

4/ Russia has often used them as ‘decoys’ to saturate Ukrainian air defences, while other munitions strike targets. The Gerbera also uses cameras like the Chinese-made A40 Pro to perform reconnaissance of Ukrainian military facilities.

osmp.ngo/osmp1644/

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 2d

3/ Gerberas have a reported wingspan of 2.5 metres and weight of 18 kg and are often used without a warhead. They are launched from elastic or pneumatic catapults and guided by integrated GPS/GNSS.

osmp.ngo/osmp1640/

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 2d

2/ Videos from Ukraine have allowed detailed analysis of this unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). From these, we were able to understand the drone's function, as well as highlight the significant presence of Chinese components in their manufacture.

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 2d

1/ On 9 September 2025 up to two dozen Russian drones entered Polish airspace during a Russian air attack on Ukraine. Debris at the scene later confirmed Gerbera-series UAVs had been used.

This thread highlights what we know about the Gerbera: 🧵

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 9d

20 munitions images were added to the OSMP, including:

- Gerbera series UAVs in Ukraine
- 9M33 series surface-to-air missiles from Osa series systems in Ukraine
- 9M330/9M331 series surface-to-air missiles from Tor series systems in Ukraine

View all: osmp.ngo?ids=1643,164...

Israel and Gaza 2023 – 2025

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 10d

Our visual guide to Shahed-131 & -136 'drones' is now available in Ukrainian!

As part of an effort to expand accessibility to our work,
Bomb Techs Without Borders has translated the page to Ukrainian, aiding native speakers in understanding how these munitions function.

osmp.ngo/collection/u...

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 15d

7/ The OSMP is assessing additional debris which suggests the munition may also have seen use by Israel in Syria & Lebanon.

If you have additional information on the munition please comment below.

View all munitions in the OSMP used in Gaza since 2023 :

osmp.ngo/collection/i...

On 7 October 2023, Hamas militants breached the heavily-fortified border separating Israel and the Gaza Strip, attacking numerous towns and villages. More than 1,000 people in Israel were reported kil...

A tool for researchers, journalists and practitioners trying to learn more about munitions and their use and impact in conflicts.

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 15d

6/ The presence of a turbojet engine suggests the munition has a significantly higher cruising speed than other Israeli OWA UAVs recorded in Gaza, such as SkyStriker. It is therefore likely closer in function to a guided missile than many other OWA UAVs.

osmp.ngo/model/skystr...

OSMP: SkyStriker

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 15d

5/ While we have little information about this munition, it is likely a OWA UAV— flying towards a target and exploding on impact, acting essentially as a guided missile. It is believed to use a relatively small high explosive fragmentation (HE-FRAG) warhead.

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 15d

4/ On 13 May, similar remnants were documented following a second strike on Nasser Hospital. A week later, on May 20, the same type of engine was observed at the scene of a strike on the Musa bin Nusayr School in Gaza City.

osmp.ngo/osmp1386/

osmp.ngo/osmp1224/

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 15d

3/ Reporting talked of “suicide drones,” a term most often applied in Gaza to one-way attack (OWA) UAVs using piston engines. Turbojets are more typically found in cruise missiles, which Israeli forces have not publicly declared using in Gaza. This suggested a new munition type.

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 15d

2/ We first documented the use of this munition after an Israeli strike on Nasser Hospital in March. Debris at the site included a turbojet engine—something we have not documented before in Gaza—alongside possible wing fragments.

osmp.ngo/osmp1224/

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 15d

1/ In recent months, we began documenting remnants of an unknown Israeli munition being used in Gaza. Its use has allegedly resulted in civilian casualties. To date, Israel has not publicly declared the munition’s existence.

Here’s what we know so far:🧵

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 16d

15 new munition images were added to the OSMP, including:

- GMLRS missile debris in Russia
- Gerbera series UAVs, including one-way-attack (OWA) variants, in Ukraine and Russia
- 9M38 series surface-to-air missiles in Ukraine

View them all: osmp.ngo?ids=1655,166...

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 23d

20 munition images were added to the OSMP, including:

-Spike Firefly loitering munitions in the Palestinian Territories
-Kh-101 air-launched cruise missiles in Ukraine
-GBU-24 Paveway III & GBU-12 Paveway II air-delivered bombs in Yemen

View them all: osmp.ngo?ids=1535,162...

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 27d

4/ For more on tank gun projectiles, see our research page and explanatory video:

osmp.ngo/resources/ta...

www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kH1...

Tank Gun Projectiles

Tank Gun Projectile

Tank Gun Projectile, Lebanon

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Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 27d

3/ The OSMP has multiple similar images of tank gun projectiles, including those linked to an attack that killed a Reuters journalist in Lebanon in October 2023.

osmp.ngo/osmp502/

OSMP502

Open Source Munitions Portal @munitionsportal.bsky.social · 27d

2/ While it is not possible to definitively state the model type from the images of the remnants alone, contextual information suggests they are most likely to be from M339 high explosive ‘multi-purpose’ projectiles