The room-temperature structure of Sr2FeIrO6, a double perovskite with notable magnetic and structural properties, has been debated extensively. Our high-resolution and high-pressure synchrotron-based powder X-ray diffraction findings provide compelling evidence to reconcile these divergent positions, laying groundwork for future research.

The influence of the X-ray step size on radiation damage occurring in serial data collection from a metalloprotein using sheet-on-sheet fixed-target chips was investigated at fourth-generation synchrotron and XFEL beamlines.

We present a compact differential pumping unit with apertures ≥500 µm. It allows windowless operation for in-air sample environments as well as to connect low-quality in-vacuum sample environments to the beamline UHV section. The unit also protects the UHV section from accidental venting. The overall footprint is restricted to 368 mm on the beam axis.

A biomedical X-ray imaging quality characteristic, suitable for quantitative assessment of X-ray images of biological samples, is introduced and then applied to analysis of propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography images of mastectomy samples.

We developed compact soft X-ray imaging systems optimized for ultra-high-vacuum environments, achieving micrometer-level spatial resolution with high collection efficiency. Characterization confirmed excellent sensitivity and linearity, with applications demonstrated in caustic measurements and grating interferometry for wavefront analysis.

Plasma simulations with detailed modeling of unbound electron dynamics predict that heavy elements contribute significantly to radiation damage suffered by proteins in serial femtosecond crystallography. New methods to mitigate radiation damage in this regime are highlighted.

The origin and composition of the stray radiation at the EuXFEL undulator system are investigated. This is essential for machine protection, as the stray radiation can damage the undulator permanent magnets as well as the correction and diagnostic equipment along the beamline.

We demonstrate the application of a nitric oxide releasing photocage system for time-resolved serial crystallography studies of two heme containing proteins using a fixed target sample delivery system. Optimal parameters for successful photocage activation and nitric oxide release are explored.

FoamQuant is an open-source Python package for analyzing large time-resolved three-dimensional datasets of foam-like cellular materials, enabling automated extraction of structural and mechanical parameters over time. It is demonstrated through case studies on plastic event orientation in flowing foam and bubble tracking in coarsening albumin foam.

A scheme is proposed to calculate an effective fluence of a spatially non-uniform pump pulse such that the observable of interest calculated with the effective fluence is very close to the volume-integrated observable. This approach simplifies computational simulations of X-ray irradiated solids.

The design, development and performance of an X-ray beamline for utilizing intense, high-energy undulator radiation are presented.

X-ray beam-induced current (XBIC) measurements were implemented on the Hard X-ray Nanoprobe at Diamond Light Source, allowing simultaneous XBIC and nano X-ray fluorescence mapping of photovoltaic devices.

Nanofabrication enables extremely precise and highly efficient variable line spacing diffraction gratings for X-rays.

Design and implementation of an in situ climate chamber for nanotomography allowing the analysis of moisture sensitive specimens at different relative humidity and temperature settings at the nanotomography imaging station of beamline P05 (operated by Hereon, at the PETRA III storage ring, DESY, Germany).

A proof-of-principle of a nanosecond time-resolved experiment is demonstrated using a TEMPUS detector. The concept exploits an event driven mode of the detector and cross-correlation analysis to overcome pixel dead time, and offers new opportunities for time-resolved studies.

A start-to-end FEL pulse propagation method has been developed to evaluate grating monochromator performance, quantifying the impacts of longitudinal source jitter, finite-aperture diffraction, and thermal deformation on resolving power, thereby offering realistic guidance for FEL beamline design and optimization.

A thickness metrology method based on X-ray phase contrast imaging is proposed. By precisely retrieving the phase shift of X-rays passing through the sample, high-precision arbitrary thickness profile measurement can be achieved with a single X-ray projection. A measurement case of a microlens array is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.