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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 50m

#OTD in 1943 several hundred inmates fought against the superior strength and weapons of Nazi SS and Ukrainian guards. Fifty of those men and women survived and their reports provide some insight into the cultural activities that took place in Sobibór.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 7h

Pianist Heida Hermanns Holde was born #OTD in 1906. In1933 she was dismissed from her teaching position at the Hoch Conservatory. She and her husband, Artur Holde, entered the US as tourists in 1936 where she established herself as a pianist and teacher.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 23h

Erwin Johannes Bach was active in anti-fascist resistance after the Nazis came to power. Threatened with arrest he emigrated in Jan 1934 with Gertrud Stuffmann, who became his 2nd wife. His mother, who remained in Germany, was murdered in Sobibor in 1941.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

Before Albert Hague (born #OTD in 1920) was to be inducted into the Hitler Youth, he and his mother fled to Rome. He eventually became a successful American songwriter, composer, and actor.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

WWII forced Yves Montand (born #OTD in 1921) to work in French shipyards where he sang for co-workers. This started a successful career despite the horrors and prohibitions around him but camp photos affected him so much that he became reclusive.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

Canadian violist and composer Otto Joachim was born #OTD in 1910 in Germany. In 1934 he escaped to Shanghai where he opened a radio shop and experimented with electronic instruments. He left China for Montreal in 1949 when Communism took over.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

Composer of popular and film music Walter Jurmann was born #OTD in 1903. In 1933 he emigrated to Paris and a year later was given a Hollywood contract and, in 1938, received an honorary citizenship of San Francisco.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 2d

Austrian music educator, librettist, music critic, conductor and composer Robert Konta was born #OTD in 1880. In 1938 he went into exile in Switzerland where he earned a living through lecturing. He remained there until his death in 1953.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 2d

Composer and pianist Norbert Glanzberg was born #OTD in 1910. In 1933 he fled to Paris, where he spent several years in famine. Edith Piaf saved his life on more than one occasion by hiding him from the Vichy police and the Nazis.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 2d

Composer, music writer and teacher Robert Müller-Hartmann was born #OTD in 1884. Pre-empting termination of his university post he resigned and lost his pension as a consequence. In 1937 he went into exile in England with his wife and daughter.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

Opera director, conductor, composer and arranger Fritz Stiedry was born #OTD in 1883. In 1933 Stiedry was "neutralized" and prevented from entering his house by SA action. On 15 Oct 1933 he took over the Philharmonic Orchestra in Leningrad.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

Conductor, musician and musicologist Kurt Singer was born #OTD 1885. Described as 'more German than the Germans', he was dismissed as a Jew from Germany’s musical life after Hitler’s takeover. From 1933-1938 he led the Berlin Jüdischer Kulturbund.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

Margherita Grandi (born #OTD in 1892), an Italian dramatic soprano, was interned in Avellino, near Naples, before being rescued by her husband to the Alps. There she actively supported the partisans and smuggled Allied airmen into Switzerland.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

Composer, conductor, musician and lawyer Wolfgang Fraenkel was born #OTD in 1897. In Nov 1938, Fraenkel was imprisoned in Sachsenhausen. He was released shortly after, on condition that he leave Germany immediately. He left around April 1939 for Shanghai.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 4d

Violinist and composer Emil Leyvand (born #OTD in 1923) was drafted in 1943 but sent back to Moscow because of his violin playing. He composed his Poeme about the Holocaust in the 1970s.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 4d

Conductor, composer and musical director Ernst Viebig was born #OTD in 1897. In 1933 he suffered increasing danger of being arrested as a KPD member and after a Gestapo interrogation left for Brazil. He did not find musical success there.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 4d

Home Office and Ministry of Works to surmount the ban on public gatherings that had been issued, and the first concert was planned for 10 October 1939
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 4d

American pilot and jazz drummer Eugene Bullard (born #today in 1895) spied for the French government on Germans who frequented his nightclub, L'Escadrille. In 1940, Bullard was wounded defending Orléans while serving with the French 51st Infantry.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 5d

German pianist, recording artist and teacher Helmut Roloff was born #OTD in 1912. In Sep 1942 he was arrested as part of an anti-Nazi group. Tortured by the Gestapo, he resisted revealing comrades and activities and was released for lack of evidence.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 5d

Vardapet Komitas was among thousands exiled during the Armenian Genocide. Most were murdered in exile. Komitas was one of the few to return and survive but ceased his research and all creative activities thereafter.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 6d

Pianist, composer and conductor Leo Wurmser (born #OTD in 1905) narrowly escaped Nazi capture and escaped the Britain following Austria's annexation. When war began he was interned in the Press Heath and Hutchinson Camps.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 6d

Rachela Olewski Zelmanowicz was born #OTD in 1921. She played mandolin in the women's orchestra of Auschwitz from 1942 before deportation to Bergen-Belsen 15 months later. She survived and wrote about her experience.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 6d

David Beigelman was born in Lodz #OTD in 1887. In 1940 he entered the ghetto where he participated in its cultural life, conducting the first symphonic concert on Mar 1 1941. Music events continued until the end of 1943. In 1944 he was sent to Auschwitz.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 7d

Polish composer, violinist, pianist, musicologist and critic Roman Padlewski was born #OTD in 1915. He continued his education as a composer, conductor and organist at the Warsaw Underground Conservatory. He was killed in the Warsaw Uprising.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 7d

The composer and violinist Zikmund Schul and his father departed from Germany #OTD in 1933, taking residence in Prague. He was transported to Terezín on 11 November 1941 where he continued to compose pieces, few of which survive.
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