Lima et al. evaluate predictive models that detect cognitive impairment and predict disease severity from spoken language features. Their approach identifies linguistic indicators of cognitive decline and enables clinically actionable triage with risk stratification, offering a pathway for scalable in-home monitoring.

He et al. develop a network-based metric of amyloid-β burden by integrating individualized brain connectomes with amyloid-PET imaging. This approach improves prediction of future cognitive decline in older adults and may support earlier identification of individuals at risk of dementia.

Zaaijer and Groen assess enrollment demographics across 341 FDA-submitted pivotal trials (2017–2023) supporting 348 approved drugs. They report persistent underrepresentation of Black and Hispanic individuals—especially in cancer and rare disease trials—alongside higher Black enrollment when trials are US-based and rising Asian participation.

Ma, Zan, Li et al. assess the global burden of sense organ diseases from 1990-2021 using Global Burden of Disease data from 204 countries. Results reveal increasing global burden of sensory organ diseases linked to aging populations and nighttime light exposure, with YLDs projected to rise by 2050, underscoring the need for targeted interventions.

Loizidou, Palaiokrassa, Asiedu, et al. study individuals who alternate between being omnivorous and avoiding animal products for religious reasons. Results reveal widespread changes in health-related biomarkers in a direction suggesting positive effects on health, along with signs of lower inflammation during animal product restriction.

Corrado et al. use cardiac digital twins from 100 atrial fibrillation patients to evaluate how electrolyte imbalances influence atrial electrophysiology and arrhythmia risk. Hyponatremia is identified as a key determinant of sustained AF, while hypokalemia modestly increases the likelihood of arrhythmia onset.

Kim et al. investigate behavioral and neural markers of adolescent impulsivity using memory tasks and resting state fMRI. Stronger functional connections between the brain’s salience network, including the insula and dorsal anterior cingulate, and the locus coeruleus serve as a neural indicator of higher impulsivity in teenagers.

Heniková, Ouřadová et al. conduct a cross-sectional study among Czech families with long-term vegan, vegetarian, and omnivorous families to compare clinical outcomes, nutritional status, and diet adequacy. They show that vegans have comparable growth characteristics and signs of better cardiometabolic health, while having lower iodine status.

Kuan-Han et al. examine if integrating patient genetic and clinical information from electronic health records can better predict heart failure in patients. Their findings show improvement in heart failure prediction up to ten years prior to diagnosis, which is two years earlier than using a single risk score alone.

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Elgendi and Markov et al. systematically review 26 studies on wearable devices that use physiological signals such as heart activity, breathing, skin responses, and blood flow to detect anxiety. They find that combining multiple signals improves accuracy over single-signal methods, highlighting the potential of wearables for anxiety detection.

De Pue et al. administer a cognitive control test battery measuring inhibition, updating, shifting, and proactive and reactive control in young and older adults. While some cognitive control functions decline with age, others are spared or even improve, highlighting the importance of distinguishing multiple cognitive control functions.

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Ulugut et al. examined the right anterior temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia by integrating a systematic review and expert consensus across 52 centers worldwide. The study defines the core domains of impairment and establishes unified phenotypic nomenclature to improve diagnostic precision and management.

Kim et al. investigate behavioral and neural markers of adolescent impulsivity using memory tasks and resting state fMRI. Stronger functional connections between the brain’s salience network, including the insula and dorsal anterior cingulate, and the locus coeruleus serve as a neural indicator of higher impulsivity in teenagers.

Skok, Ochsenhofer et al. present the first reported instance of extraskeletal osteosarcoma with an NTRK fusion. The rapid and sustained response to larotrectinib highlights the potential of precision medicine in managing rare and aggressive tumors, emphasizing the importance of molecular profiling to identify actionable targets.

Gobert et al. investigate whether consciousness persists in end-stage Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, traditionally assumed as being fully aware but unable to communicate. Multimodal assessments, including Brain-Computer Interface, suggest some individuals may show degenerative disorder of consciousness rather than a complete Locked-In Syndrome.

Chiu et al. developed a machine learning model using routine blood test data, including complete blood count, differential count, and cell population data, to predict bloodstream infections in emergency department patients. The model accurately identifies Gram-negative bacteremia, supporting earlier diagnosis and timely care.

Gao et al. propose FedEmbryo, a federated task-adaptive learning (FTAL) approach that dynamically adjusts task and client contributions based on learning feedback, enabling privacy-preserving, decentralized training across multiple clinical sites to improve IVF outcomes. FedEmbryo demonstrates superior performance in both morphological evaluation and live-birth outcome prediction, thereby enhancing the accuracy of high-quality embryo selection.

Han, Pan et al. analyse longitudinal lung function changes in UK Biobank to assess the impact of air pollution. They show that pollutants increase the risk of progression to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hinder recovery from pre-COPD to normal lung function, revealing a dual pathway by which pollution harms respiratory health.

This cross-journal Collection with Communications Biology, Communications Medicine, Nature Communications and Scientific Reports invites submissions focusing ...

Kaluza et al. present a clinical evaluation of a noninvasive glucose measuring system based on infrared excitation of glucose in skin and photothermal detection at the skin surface. The results demonstrate an accuracy comparable to early minimally invasive glucometers and could improve diabetes management.

Sim, Tham et al. explore the combined predictive ability of clinical, retinal, and blood biomarkers for the prediction of cognitive decline in Southeast Asian memory clinic participants. Authors find that combining blood tests, eye markers, and clinical data may be a potential noninvasive tool for early risk detection for cognitive decline.

Xiao, Woodham, Cui, et al. apply machine learning to brain MRI data from major depression and the UK Biobank. They identify two neuroanatomical dimensions, one linked to preserved brain structure and healthier outcomes, and the other to reduced volumes, impaired cognition, self-harm, and adverse metabolic and genetic profiles.