What do you think will be the result of the following line of R code?

tibble(x = c(1, 2, NA)) %>% filter(x != 2)

I was rather surprised to find out :).
The answer is in the comments.

#rstats

"Do one thing every day that scares you." —Mary Schmich

Last Sunday, I participated in a workshop on "The Mathematical Basics of Statistical Tests and Estimators for Psychologists" by Susanne Frick and Julien Irmer during the conference of the section "Methods & Evaluation" of the @dgps.bsky.social

Here is the histogram of social anxiety scores. Almost half of the scores are above the optimal remission cutoff by von Glischinski et al. (2018).

We also observed generalization patterns in heart rate modulation💓 and pupil size changes🥺. Notably, only individuals with high anxiety showed an acceleration component↗️ after initial fear bradycardia↘️, indicating defensive reactions🛡️ on top of orienting responses🧭.

We replicated an attentional bias towards eyes compared to mouth and nose but individuals were able to adjust towards diagnostic facial features. Interestingly, people with high anxiety looked to non-diagnostic regions more quickly (hyperscanning?).

Participants acquired fear quickly and generalized it to morphs of faces (osf.io/wgqnj/wiki/h...) in a curved fashion✅. Highly anxious individuals showed overall higher subjective threat ratings✅ but no difference in generalization patterns compared to lowly anxious ones❌.

Just stumbled across this. What would you conclude from this correlational structure?

Spoiler: In the peer-reviewed and published paper, there is no discussion on how to draw a valid causal inference from these observational data 🙈
Source: doi.org/10.7759/cure... (Figure 1 "B")

Most risk factors showed the same surprising pattern: Stronger strain before the pandemic but *SMALLER* increase toward its peak. Do burdened (but healthy) individuals have a ⚽️home field advantage🥅 during a crisis?🛡️

🚨Paper alert! 🚨
Our longitudinal data (N = 307) with a true pre-pandemic baseline shows that healthy people report *LESS* psychological strain during pandemic downturn than before🧐! Most people were resilient to pandemic stressors💪
doi.org/10.1038/s415...