The authors introduce the Neurolipid Atlas, a dynamic resource for the community to gain insight into lipid alterations in neurodegenerative disease, and they leverage the platform to show how cholest...

In a large-scale proteomic study of biological aging of 11 organs from 44,498 individuals in the UK Biobank, the biological ages of the brain and immune system emerged as strong predictors of healthsp...

Monocytes from Alzheimer’s disease patients induce disease phenotypes in human cortical organoid microphysiological systems.

Anti-amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) immunotherapy was developed to reduce amyloid plaque pathology and slow cognitive decline during progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Efficient amyloid clearance has been pr...

How NLRP3 impacts Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is unclear. McManus et al. find that NLRP3 is located at mitochondria where it regulates microglial metabolism. Depletion or chronic pharmacological inhibiti...

Microglia are proposed to have a role in brain development through synaptic engulfment and paracrine signaling. O’Keeffe et al. show that certain neurodevelopmental processes attributed to microglia c...

Mice expressing humanized mutant tau exhibit synaptic loss and behavioral abnormalities in the absence of abnormal tau conformers, suggesting that hyperphosphorylated tau can be pathological, at least...

Nuclear DNA damage activates fatty acid–fueled mitochondrial energy metabolism to induce cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging.

Extrasinusoidal dural macrophages are a distinct subset of immunologically active central nervous system–associated macrophages.

The immune system plays a major part in neurodegenerative diseases. In this Review, Weiner considers the contributions of several components of the immune system in multiple neurodegenerative diseases...

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The role of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease is debated. This paper shows that homeostatic microglia seed amyloid plaques in early disease stages and activated microglia compact plaques at later stage...

Jacquet et al. shows that microglia use digestive exophagy to engage large Aβ deposits that cannot be phagocytosed, forming acidic extracellular compartments on the aggregates into which lysosomal enzymes are exocytosed. The PI3K-AKT pathway modulates this process. Microglia also exocytose intralysosomal undigested fibrillar Aβ toward extracellular aggregates, potentially contributing to plaque growth.

This Review provides an in-depth examination of how inflammation contributes to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease. The authors explore the impact of extrinsic factors, such as brain trauma, diet ...

The microglia population is considered long lived. This study demonstrates that individual embryonic microglia die within 3 days after clearing neural debris and are cannibalized by existing microglia...

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is expressed in immune cells and microglia, where its role remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that BTK modulates microglial neuroinflammatory pathways rel...